Managing Stress and Anxiety Chapter 8

1. Managing Stress and Anxiety Chapter 8

2. Chapter 8 Lesson 1

3. Effects of Stress Vocabulary You’ll Learn To: Examine causes and effects of stress Analyze how stress can affect physical emotional and social health Discuss how substance abuse harms mental/emotional health • Stress • Perception • Stressor • Psychosomatic Response • Chronic Stress

4. Effects of Stress • Stress- is the reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands. • Stress effects your daily routines • No matter what the source, stress can affect your physical, mental/emotional, and social health.

5. Stress in Your Life • Perception- is the act of becoming aware through the senses. • A way to manage stress is to change how you perceive and react to events that cause it.

6. Perception continued • Reactions to stress can be good or bad.

7. What causes Stress? • Stressor- anything that causes stress. • People, objects, places, events, and situations. • Example---------Sound of Siren

8. Reacting to Stress • Stress in not necessarily good or bad. • Positive or Negative • Motivation/Perform better during competition. • Unhealthy-losing sleep, worry, can cause you not to perform well.

9. What causes Stress in School Performance?

10. Five General Categories of Stressors • Biological stressors- such as illness, disabilities, or injuries. • Environment stressors- such as poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, or natural disasters. • Cognitive, of thinking, stressors- such as the way you perceive a situation or how it affects you and the world around you.

11. Categories Cont’ • Personal behavior stressors- such as the negative reactions in the body and mind caused by using tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs or by lack of physical activity. • Life situation stressors- such as the death of a pet, the separation or divorce of parents, or having trouble in relationships with peers.

12. Perception of Stressors • Past experiences determine how well you perceive and handle stressors.

13. The Body’s Response to Stress • When your brain perceives a situation or event as threatening, it initiates the stress response system (Load Noise). • Nervous and Endocrine System- Two major body systems that act automatically regardless of the type of situation.

14. Nervous and Endocrine Systems

15. The Stress Response System • Alarm- is the first stage of the stress response system. • Body and mind go on high alert when comforted with a stressful situation. • Alarm Response- pupil dilation, increase in perspiration, faster heart rate and pulse, rise in blood pressure, faster respiration, narrowing of arteries, increased blood flow to muscles and brain, increase in muscle tension, release of blood sugar, fats, and cholesterol.

16. Fight of Flight Response • Inborn reaction that all living beings have in response to danger. • Alarm begins when the • hypothalamus releases a hormone that acts on the pituitary gland. • The hormone activates the adrenal gland that releases Adrenaline the emergency hormone.

17. Resistance • The second stage is the Resistance. • Resistance- During this stage the body adapts to the rush created by the alarm and reacts to the stressor. • Fight of flight begins. 1) Fight- ability to resist a physical challenge and attack or 2) Flight- run faster and farther to escape danger.

18. Fatigue • Fatigue- When exposure to stress is prolonged, the body is affected and losses its ability to adapt to the situation and physical and mental fatigue will set in. • Physical fatigue- results when muscles work vigorously leading to soreness, pain, and injury.

19. Fatigue • Psychological fatigue- can result from constant worry, overwork, depression, isolation, of feeling overwhelmed. • Pathological fatigue- is tiredness brought on by overworking the body’s defenses in fighting disease.

20. Continued Stress • Prolonged or repeated stress can lead to stressful illnesses caused by the changes that take place in your body during these three stages. 1) Sleeplessness, upset stomach, high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke.

21. Stress and Your Health Physical Effects • Psychosomatic response- a physical reaction that results from stress rather than from an injury or illness. 1) Headache caused by tension 2) Asthma 3) High blood pressure 4) Weakened immune system

22. Mental/Emotional and Social Effects • Difficult concentrating • Mood swings • Risk of substance abuse---primary drug abuse

23. Taking Control of Chronic Stress • Chronic stress- stress associated with long term problems, that are beyond a person’s control. 1) Engage in physical activity 2) Look for support among friends and family 3) Find a hobby or activity that relaxes you 4) Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.

24. Managing Stress • Identify personal causes of stress. 1) Life events 2) Physical stressors 3) Daily hassles • Practice refusal skills to avoid stressful situations.

25. Chapter 8 Lesson 2

26. Managing Stress You’ll Learn to: • Identify personal causes of stress • Demonstrate refusal strategies for avoiding some stressful situations • Develop strategies for managing stress • Examine how healthful behaviors help reduce stress. Vocabulary: Stress-management Skills Relaxation Response

27. Ways to Manage Stress • Plan Ahead • Get adequate sleep • Get regular Physical Activity • Eat Nutritious Food 1) Eat regular meals 2) Limit comfort foods 3) Limit caffeine • Avoid Tobacco, Alcohol, and other Drugs

28. Stress Management Techniques • Stress management Techniques- skills that help an individual handle stress in a healthful, effective way. 1) Redirect your energy 2) Relax and laugh 3) Keep a positive outlook 4) Seek out support

29. Relaxation Response • Is a state of calm that can be reached if one or more relaxation techniques are practice regularly (Opposite of Stress Response).

30. Chapter 8 Lesson 3

31. Anxiety and Teen Depression You’ll Learn To: • Identify symptoms of anxiety and depression • Develop strategies for coping with anxiety and depression • Identify warning signs of major depression that should prompt individuals to seek professional help. Vocabulary: Anxiety Depression

32. Anxiety and Teen Depression • Anxiety- is the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen. • Symptoms include: feelings or fear or dread, trembling, restlessness, tension, rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, and sweating. • Practice stress management techniques.

33. What is Depression? • Depression- is a prolonged feeling or helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness. • Reactive depression- is a stressful event such as a death. • Major depression- is a medical condition requiring treatment.

34. Symptoms of Teen Depression

35. Chapter 8 Lesson 4

36. Being a Resilient Teen You’ll Learn To: • Explain what it means to be resilient • Develop strategies to promote resiliency throughout the life span • Explore methods for developing protective factors • Evaluate how having protective factors helps people avoid risk behaviors Vocabulary: Resiliency Protective Factors

37. Being a Resilient Teen • Resiliency- is the ability to adapt effectively and recover from disappointments, difficulty, or crisis. • Resilient people are able to handle adversity in healthful ways and achieve long-term success in spite of negative circumstances.

38. Factors That Affect Resiliency • Developmental assets- are the building blocks of development that help young people grow up as healthy, caring, and responsible individuals. • Based on external and internal factors. 1)commitment to learning 2)positive values 3)social competency 4)positive identity

39. Protective Factors • Protective Factors- Conditions that shield individuals form the negative consequences of exposure to risk. • Build resiliency by 1) Extra-curricular activities 2) Stand up for beliefs 3) Resist negative peer pressure 4) Develop a sense of purpose