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Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps

Acetic acid +water. Acetylsalicylic acid. Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps. Carboxylic acids. Aliphatic carboxylic acids. Formic acid pungent

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Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps

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  1. Acetic acid +water Acetylsalicylic acid Benzoic acid is used for foods while benzoin resin is used in cosmetics, lotions and soaps

  2. Carboxylic acids Aliphatic carboxylic acids • Formic acid pungent • true liqidmobily • Acetic acid colorless • vinegar • Tartaric acid • solid crystalline • Citric acid yellowish white • odorless

  3. Aromatic carboxylic acids • Benzoic acid • solid crystalline, yellowish white • odorless • Salicylic acid • Phthalic acid solid flaky ,yellowish white • odorless

  4. Ignition test Aliphatic C.A: inflammable ,non luminous and no smoky Aromatic C.A: inflammable , luminous and smoky Appearance change: formic and acetic acid volatilization tartaric acid swelling up and charring* citric acid melting and formation yellow resin*blackening benzoic, salicylic, phthalic acid melting

  5. Color flame: No change with all Odor: Formic ,acetic acid : no change Tartaric, citric acid: burnt sugar odor. Benzoic ,phthalic acid: irritant odor (suffocating). Salicylic acid: phenolic odor . Residue: No residue with all except Tartaric acid : black residue. Citric acid: yellow stain.

  6. Acid base test Acidity test: Na2CO3 solution(conc) + acid → warm → effervescent Strong effervescent that means acid. Weak effervescent that means acidic. Conc. Hcl test: when substance soluble in 10% NaOH that means acid .if add HcL in same test tube→reprecipted again

  7. All strong acid

  8. Preliminary test Soda lime test: Formic and acetic acid: not done for solid only. Tartaric and citric acid: burnt sugar odor on hot. Benzoic and phthalic acid: benzene odor on hot. Salicylic acid: phenolic odor on hot.

  9. 30%NaOH: The same result of soda lime FeCL3: No reaction with all. Conc. H2SO4: Formic and acetic acid: effervescent due to CO2 evolution on cold. Tartaric acid : effervescent and heavy charring on hot. Citric acid: effervescent and yellow stain after long time it blackening. benzoic, phthalic and salicylic acids: no reaction

  10. General test Neutral FeCL3: 1 ml of acids +2ml NH4OH→ heat until complete disapperance of ammonia odor then wait 2-3 min. to cooling then add 2-3 dps of neutral FeCL3→ formic ,acetic acids: blood red color give brown if heat it. Tartaric, citric acids:lemon yellowcolor. Benzoic, phthalic acids: buff ppt. Salicylic acid:no need to use NH4OH just salicylic +H2O +neutralFeCL3 to give violet color.

  11. Differentiation tests

  12. Salicylic acid Esterfication: methanol+ saliucylic acid+ Conc H2SO4heat then pour it onto 10 ml of H2O → vicks odor of winter green oil due to methyl salicylate formation. Formaldehyde: Formaldehyde+ salicylic acid + Conc. H2SO4→ crimson red color on the wall. Phthaline test: Salicylic acid + phthalicunhydride +Conc. H2SO4 heat then pour it onto 10 ml of 10% NaOH→ unstable pink color

  13. IR location COOH stretching band at 1710 cm-1

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