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PRESENT SIMPLE is used:

PRESENT SIMPLE is used:. for habits My Dad talks in his sleep. to show how often things (don't) happen I don't see him very often. for permanent situations/states He lives in Japan. for general truths, laws of nature, facts and abilities. Water freezes at 0 ºC .

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PRESENT SIMPLE is used:

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  1. PRESENT SIMPLEis used: • for habits My Dad talks in his sleep. • to show how often things (don't) happen I don't see him very often. • for permanent situations/states He lives in Japan. • for general truths, laws of nature, facts and abilities. Water freezes at 0ºC. • for statesDo you have a computer at the moment? • for the future schedules. The new term starts next Monday. • for the future in conditional sentences I'll call you when I get back.

  2. PRESENT SIMPLEis formed: + subject + Vs + … Jennygoes to school.Iwatch video on Sunday. - subject + do/does + not + V + … Helendoes notlike football.I do not go to the cinemavery often. ?Wh…+do/does+ subject+V + … DoesJanehavea guitar?Doyouplaytennis? Whydoyougetup so early?Whocooksin your family?

  3. NOTES FOR PRESENT SIMPLE • We should add the –s ending to the verb in statements if the subject is third person singular (he, she, it) He We, I She goes You go It They • In negatives and interrogatives we should use the auxiliary verb does instead of do if the subject is third person singular (he, she, it) he we, I Does she Do you it they We should not add the –s ending to the verb neither in negatives nor in interrogatives.

  4. MARKERS OF PRESENT SIMPLE EVERY … USUALLY OFTEN SOMETIMES AND OTHER ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

  5. PRESENT CONTINUOUSis used: • events happening at a particular moment or around the moment of speaking Don't make so much noise! I am working! She is looking for a better job. • for situations and events, which happen regularly, but only for a limited period of time.We are using public transport until our car is repaired. • for changing and developing situations The traffic in our city is getting worse and worse. • forpersonal arrangements about the future I am meeting Dan tomorrow. • to refer to annoying habits (usually with always) He is always making so much noise in the early mornings!

  6. PRESENT CONTINUOUSis formed: + subject + is/am/are + Ving + … Heleniswatching TV. The booksaregetting more and more popularagain. I amstudying English now. - subject + is/am/are + not + Ving+ … Jackisnotdoing his homework now.Weare notgoing to school this week.I amnot going out this weekend. ? Wh…+is/am/are+ subject+V + … Whatishedoing next weekend? IsGarryplaying tennis now? Whyareyou writing this essay? Areyouvisiting your Grannythis weekend? WhatamI watching?Am I watching TV?

  7. NOTES FOR PRESENT CONTINUOUS • We should use the correct auxiliary verb accourding to the subject: She We He is You are I am It They • There are some verbs (called “non-continuous verbs”), which can not be used in Present Continuous. They are: • Verbs related to activities of the mind (admit, agree, know, mean, remember, realise, want, believe, think…) • Verbs related to emotions (care, like, love, hate, hope, enjoy, can`t stand…) • Having and being (appear, be, belong, have, include, need, own, possess, consist of) • Verbs related to senses (feel, see, hear, look, smell, sound)

  8. MARKERS OF PRESENT CONTINUOUS (RIGHT)NOW AT THE MOMENT CURRENTLY LOOK! LISTEN!

  9. PRESENT PERFECTis used: • for completed actions at an unstated past time Have you done your homework? • for completed actions if we are interested in the present result He has finished his homework so he can go for a walk. • for actions and situations continuing up till now She has worked for this company since 1999. • for a series of actions continuing up till now We have had an argument every day this week. • for personal experiences/changes She has been to London. • to put emphasis on number I have lost 10 kilos.

  10. PRESENT PERFECTis formed: + subject + have/has + VIII + … Wehaveseen the Eiffel tower.Suehasdone the washing up. • subject + have/has + not + VIII + .. Theyhavenot been to Moscow. Markhasnot written his essay. ? Wh… + have/has + subject + VIII + … How many books hassheread? Hasheseen the film? Haveyoufinished the letter? Whyhaveyou lied to me?

  11. NOTES FOR PRESENT PERFECT • We should use the correct auxiliary verb accourding to the subject: He I, We She has You have It They • We should never use Present Perfect when the exact time of the action is given. • We use question words (who, why, how, etc) quite rarely and we never use the word when

  12. MARKERS OF PRESENT PERFECT EVER NEVER SINCE FOR JUST ALREADY YET

  13. PRESENT PERFECTCONTINUOUS is used: • for events and actions continuing up to the present moment or stopping just before it. I'm tired because I have been working all day. • for past actions of certain duration having visible results or effects in the present Her eyes are red because she has been crying. • to express anger, irritation, annoyance or criticism. Who has been using my toothbrush? • to put emphasis on duration She has been callingon clients since this morning.

  14. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSperfectis formed: continuous + subject + have/has + been + Ving + … Susanhas beenworking for 5 hours.Wehave beenwriting an essay all day. - subject + have/has + not + been + Ving.. Philhas not beenplaying football since 9 o`clock.Nel and his friendshave not beengetting ready for the party. ? Wh… + have/has + subject + been + Ving + … Whyhaveyoubeenusing my mobile phone? Haveyoubeentalking on the phone all morning? Whathasshebeendoing?HasHelenbeenteasing you?

  15. MARKERS OF PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS FOR

  16. PAST SIMPLEis used to talk about: • Single events or actions in the past Our teacher came into the class late yesterday • Past habits When I lived in Spain, I went to the beach every day. • States that took place in the past When I was 5 I hated porridge. • A series of actions in the past I came home, put off my coat, switched on the computer and put a glass of milk into a microwave oven.

  17. MARKERS OF PAST SIMPLE YESTERDAY …AGO LAST…

  18. PAST SIMPLE STATEMENTS FORMATION Неwentto school. TheyhelpedNick. 1 VII ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ

  19. NOTE 1 VII правильныенеправильные EDУЧИ playedwent

  20. PAST SIMPLE NEGATIVES FORMATION DID NOT V ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ Неdid not goto school. They did not help Nick..

  21. PAST SIMPLE INTERROGATIVES FORMATION DID V ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ When didhеgoto school? Why did theyhelp Nick?

  22. PAST CONTINUOUSis used to talk about: • Actions in progress around a specific past time or at a specific time Our teacher was ill this time last month. I was reading from 3 to 5 yesterday. • Progressive action in the past interrupted by another action While I was reading, Tim came. • Some progressive actions at the same time While I was watching TV, Larry was cooking. • To give background information It was raining as we traveled.

  23. MARKERS OF PAST CONTINUOUS WHEN WHILE AS AT THE TIME OF

  24. PAST CONTINUOUS STATEMENTS FORMATION Неwas going to school. They were helpingNick. VING ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ 1 WAS WERE ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ

  25. We They were You I He was She It NOTE 1

  26. PAST CONTINUOUS NEGATIVES FORMATION Неwasnot going to school. They were nothelpingNick. VING NOT ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ 1 WAS WERE

  27. PAST CONTINUOUS INTERROGATIVES FORMATION When washе going to school? Why were theyhelpingNick? VING ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ 1 WAS WERE

  28. NOTES FOR PAST CONTINUOUS • We should use the correct auxiliary verb accourding to the subject: She I, We He was You were It They • There are some verbs (called “non-continuous verbs”), which can not be used in Present Continuous. They are: • Verbs related to activities of the mind (admit, agree, know, mean, remember, realise, want, believe, think…) • Verbs related to emotions (care, like, love, hate, hope, enjoy, can`t stand…) • Having and being (appear, be, belong, have, include, need, own, possess, consist of) • Verbs related to senses (feel, see, hear, look, smell, sound)

  29. PAST PERFECTis used to talk about: • An action in the past before another action in the past Our Mum had cooked dinner before we came. • An action in the past that happened before a definite time in the past While I was reading, Tim came. • To give a reason for the past event I did the washing up because she had asked me to.

  30. MARKERS OF PAST PERFECT BEFORE BY BECAUSE

  31. PAST PERFECT STATEMENTS FORMATION Неhad gone to school. They had helpedNick. 1 VIII ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ

  32. NOTE 1 VIII правильныенеправильные EDУЧИ playedgone

  33. PAST PERFECT NEGATIVES FORMATION Неhad not gone to school. They had nothelpedNick. 1 VIII NOT ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD

  34. PAST PERFECT INTERROGATIVES FORMATION Why hadhе gone to school? How had theyhelped Nick? 1 VIII ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD

  35. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSis used to talk about: • An action in the past that was in progress up to or near a certain time in the past. (you want to emphasize duration of the action) She had been using computer for 5 hours and her eyes hurt.

  36. MARKERS OF PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS FOR SINCE AND

  37. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS STATEMENTS FORMATION past perfect continuous Неhad been going to school. They had been helpingNick. VING ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD BEEN ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ

  38. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS NEGATIVES FORMATION Неhad notbeen going to school. They had notbeen helpingNick. VING NOT BEEN ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD

  39. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS INTERROGATIVES FORMATION Why hadhеbeen going to school? Howlong had theybeenhelping Nick? VING ВТОРОСТЕПЕННЫЕ ЧЛЕНЫ BEEN ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕЕ HAD

  40. FUTURE SIMPLE (WILL+V) • Sudden (spontaneous, on-the-spot) decision A: Phey, this bag's heavy. B: I will carry it for you. • Promise/intention. I'm sorry, I've forgotten your book today, but (I promise) I will bring it tomorrow. • Predictions based on opinions and beliefs (It's just one's opinion but it can't be proved) I think we will not use washing machines in 2400. • Requests and offers. Will youopen the door for me?

  41. FUTURE SIMPLE is formed: + subject + will + V + … Helenwillwatch TV. The bookswillget more and more popularagain. I willstudy English next month. - subject + will + not + V+ … Jackwillnotdo his homework tomorrow.Wewill notgo to school next week.I willnot go out tomorrow. ? Wh…+will+ subject+V + … Whatwillhedo next weekend? WillGarryplay tennis next Friday? Whywillyou write this essay?

  42. FUTURECONTINUOUSwill be + Ving Prolonged activity in the future, especially • when the exact period of time is given (from 3 to 5 tomorrow) • when we know the time of the activity (at 4 o`clock next Friday) • when another shorter activity will happen during the one we mean (You will be sleeping when I come.) I come 4 3 5

  43. FUTURE CONTINUOUSis formed: + subject + will be + Ving + … Helenwill bewatching TV. The bookswill begetting more and more popularagain. I will bestudying English next week. - subject + will + not +be+ Ving+ … Jackwillnotbedoing his homework next weekend.Wewillnotbe going to school next Friday at 3 o`clock. ? Wh…+will+ subject+be + V + … Whatwillhebedoing next weekend? WillGarrybeplaying tennis from 5 to 7 tomorrow?

  44. FUTUREPERFECTwill have V3 Result we expect to have by a certain time in the future. We use this tense only when there are two “markers” : by (which means Perfect) and next…/tomorrow (which means Future) I hope we willhave finished the composition by 4 o'clock tomorrow evening.

  45. FUTURE PERFECTis formed: + subject + will have + VIII + … We will haveseen the Eiffel tower.Sue will havedone the washing up. • subject + will + not + have +VIII + .. Theywillnot havebeen to Moscow. Markwillnot havewritten his essay. ? Wh… + will + subject + have + VIII + … How many books will she haveread? Will hehaveseen the film?

  46. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSwillhavebeenVing Result of a process we will have achieved by a certain time in the future. I will have beenexpecting for him to come for about 3 years next months.

  47. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS + subject + will have + been + Ving+ … Iwill have beenwaiting for him for a whole month next week! • subject + will + not + have +been + Ving+ … ? Wh… + will + subject + have + VIII + …

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