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HIV Prevalence Rates and Social, Economic, and ICT Indicators

HIV Prevalence Rates and Social, Economic, and ICT Indicators. Brian Langdon. Research Question.

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HIV Prevalence Rates and Social, Economic, and ICT Indicators

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  1. HIV Prevalence Rates and Social, Economic, and ICT Indicators Brian Langdon

  2. Research Question • Hypothesis: Higher levels of information communication technology, economic development, and social development are associated with lower prevalence rates of HIV, controlling for regional differences.

  3. Background Information • As of December 2007, an estimated 33.2 million people worldwide were living with HIV. • Of the estimated 2.5 million children under 15 living with HIV, nearly 90% live in Sub-Saharan Africa. • An estimated 2.1 million people were newly infected with HIV in 2007. Of these, 420,000 were children under 15. • In 2007, an estimated 2.1 million people died of AIDS-related causes. UNAIDS

  4. Background Information HIV/AIDS and Economic Development “at the global level there is a positive correlation between HIV prevalence and poverty, whether this is measured by gross domestic product per person, income inequality, or Human Poverty Index.”- Lynda Fenton, University College London, 2004 HIV/AIDS and Democratic Development “standards of public accountability;an international imperative to cooperate globally to ensurehealth; freely available information, especially about diseaseprevention, control, and treatment; protection of individualrights and freedom of assembly, association and expression;and the ability to voice complaints and opposition.” -J.P. Ruger, 2005 HIV/AIDS and ICT “awareness-raising campaigns supported by non-formal education and access to information sources are crucial for reducing the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among youth.” -UNESCO

  5. Data • Sample size is 203 countries • Data is interval-ratio level of measurement • Dependent variable: • HIV Prevalence Rate (UNICEF) • Independent variables: • Internet users per 100 population (WDI) • GDP in PPP (World Bank 2006) • Levels of Democratic development (Economist Magazine, 2008) • Dummy variable for African nations (CIA World Fact Book) • Dummy variable for Western nations (CIA World Fact book)

  6. Bivariate Correlation

  7. Descriptives

  8. Regression Analysis Estimates,Dependent variable = HIV Prevalence Rate * Significant Values are in Bold

  9. Residuals

  10. Conclusions • The relationship between GDP per capita PPP and HIV prevalence rate is significant, negative, and moderate when controlling for African nations. • The relationship between level of democracy and HIV prevalence rate is not significant. • The relationship between internet users and HIV prevalence rate is not significant when controlling for African nations.

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