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Building CODES Arch 3011 Design Studio 1

Building CODES Arch 3011 Design Studio 1. Prof. Sargent Architecture Southern Polytechnic State University.

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Building CODES Arch 3011 Design Studio 1

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  1. Building CODES Arch 3011 Design Studio 1 Prof. Sargent Architecture Southern Polytechnic State University

  2. The three essential codes: International Building Code (construction) Life Safety Code (fire) ADA(accessibility) Why we have codes Who is responsible for implementing codes

  3. International Building Code Construction

  4. Key Concept: Classification by occupancy There are ten distinct occupancy classifications, each posing a unique set of challenges, each having a unique set of requirements. The human factor

  5. Occupancy Classification Based on Risks • Assembly raises the risk of panic • Educational raises the risk of children being easily confused in the face of danger • Institutional raises the risk of hospital patients not being able to exit the building without assistance • Theatre is classified as “Assembly” A-1

  6. The code defines each occupancy A space for the gathering of 100 or more people shall be considered as Assembly Occupancy A building with 150 people is not automatically classified as “Assembly”. The key is whether they are congregated in a single space

  7. Key Concept: Classification by construction types There are five types of construction that offer a range of resistance to fire High resistivity moderate resistivity No resistivity

  8. Key Concept: The correlation between these two factors, (occupancy and construction) is the basis for establishing the maximum allowable height and area of a building. Very large Allowed with size restrictions may not be allowed x Concrete or exposed steel wood protected steel

  9. Building Height & Area Limitations Construction classification High protection low protection Occupancy classification Max. Ht. limit (stories) 1 3 8,000 15,000 Max. area per floor

  10. Require protection in hours Type of construction A =protective cover B= no protection Assuming one of your design objectives is to express the steel structure, you would want avoid the requirement to protect the structure by covering it. Zero protection allows exposed structural steel frame.

  11. Enter Occupancy classification How you would like to construct Allowable height and area

  12. Table 503 - Building Ht. and Area Limitations What you want Limits on what you want Type ll protected unprotected 3 stories 2 stories Assembly -A1 15,500 8500 sf./ story Theatre is 20,000 sf. (code limit is too small and thereforenot permitted) Look for exceptions that will increase allowable area

  13. Table 503 max. floor area limits are increases if building design includes a sprinkler system

  14. Table 503 - Building Ht. and Area Limitations What you want Limits on what you want Type ll protected unprotected 3 stories 2 stories Assembly -A1 15,500 8500 sf. Exceptions that will increase allowable area. (1) installing a sprinkler system allows the 8500 sf. limit to be increase by an additional 200% for multi-story and 300% for single story 8500 + (200% x 8500) = 25,500 sf. OK with sprinkler system (2) other exception are generally available (3) last resort is a structurally independent firewall

  15. Restroom requirements

  16. Life Safety Code Fire

  17. Life Safety Code NFPA 101 Key Concerns Egress capacity Direction of door swing Step proportions Number of seats per row Space between rows Width of aisle Fire separation of stage Egress redundancy Separation of exits

  18. Life Safety Code NFPA 101 Required number of exit assembly greater than 300 less than 1000 requires 2 exits Separation of exits separate as much as possible. Avoid side by side exits

  19. Life Safety Code NFPA 101 Main entrance is the main exit people will exit the way they entered Door swing swing in the direction of egress Knowing where you're going is key to avoiding panic ? ?

  20. Life Safety Code NFPA 101 Auditorium Seating Spacing from back of seat to back of seat is a minimum of 34 inches – use 36 inches Assume seats to be 24 inches wide Maximum number of seats per row served by aisle at both ends is one hundred seats. Rows served by aisle at one end only shall not exceed thirty feet. Minimum aisle width 48” for aisles with seating on both sides 36” for aisles with seating on one side on only Risers are required to be seven inches maximum

  21. Life Safety Code NFPA 101 Proscenium Wall Legitimate stage must be separated from seating area by a two hour rate proscenium wall. Proscenium opening shall be protected by a fire curtain. Curtain must close automatically upon detection of fire

  22. ADA Americans with Disabilities Act Civil rights legislation that broadens the definition of discrimination to include denial of access due to physical and mental disability

  23. ADA Building approach: • Parking standards • Main entrance accessibility • A side entrance may be unacceptable • Changes in grade requires a ramp not steeper than 12:1

  24. ADA Circulation: Curb ramps steps ramps Door approach Corridor width

  25. ADA Availability of services Restrooms 100% accessibility is not realistic Most likely wheelchair spaces depend on relationship to lobby grade Access behind line is not required X

  26. ADA Restrooms accommodations

  27. Conclusion: Code has a major influence on the design process and the physical outcome of that process therefore, the time to respond to that influence is as early as possible

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