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Understanding Chemical Properties: Fundamentals of Matter

Explore the basics of chemical properties, compounds, elements, and phases of matter. Learn about conductivity, density, and more in this informative guide.

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Understanding Chemical Properties: Fundamentals of Matter

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  1. Acid   A compound that produces hydrogen ions in solution, is a hydrogen-ion donor, or an electron-pair acceptor

  2. Base   These are chemical substances with a measurable pH above that of 7.0 on a 0-14 scale. • Boiling Point   This is a temperature where the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.

  3. Chemical Property   This is the ability of matter to change in to a different substance.  Example:flammability, reaction to an acid • Compound   This is two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.  Example:water, carbon dioxide, sodium chloride.

  4. Conductivity   The ability or power to transmit heat, electricity, or sound.   Example:Metals transfer heat, electricity, and soundbetter than nonmetals

  5. Chemical Property   This is the ability of matter to change in to a different substance.  Example:flammability, reaction to an acid • Compound   This is two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.  Example:water, carbon dioxide, sodium chloride

  6. Conductivity   The ability or power to transmit heat, electricity, or sound.   Example:Metals transfer heat, electricity, and soundbetter than nonmetals. • Density   This is a measure of mass per unit volume.  Example:the reason oil floats on top of water

  7. Element   This is a substance that cannot be broken down further by chemical means.  Example:sodium, tungsten, iodine Gas   This is the phase of matter with no fixed shape or volume.  Example:Air, water vapor

  8. Heterogeneous   This is a mixture that has different properties throughout.  Example:a chocolate chip cookie, salad dressing,pizza • Homogeneous • This is a mixture that has the same composition throughout.  Example:sweetened iced tea (without the ice),vinegar, saltwater

  9. Inorganic   This usually refers to any element or compound that does not contain carbon.  Example:water, zinc metal, sodium chloride • Liquid   This is the phase of matter with no fixed shape but fixed volume.  Example:water at room temperature

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