Chapter 21

1. Chapter 21 Lesson 1

2. Did You Know ? More and more people are becoming aware of the health risks of tobacco use. The current trend is for individuals to choose to be tobacco free.

3. Tobacco Use • Tobacco use is the number-one cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. • The government requires all tobacco products to have warning labels. • Tobacco contains many health risks. 1. It contains an addictive drug called nicotine. 2. The nicotine is a stimulant, raising blood pressure, increasing heart rate, and contributing to heart disease and stroke.

4. Harmful Effects of Cigarette Smoke • Cigarette smoke is a carcinogen, cancer-causing substance. • Cigarette smoke contains tar. 1. Tar is a thick, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns. 2. Tar damages the lungs air sacs and destroys lung tissue. 3. Smokers’ lungs are more susceptible to bronchitis, pneumonia, and cancer.

5. Harmful Effects of Cigarette Smoke C. Cigarette smoke contains carbon monoxide. 1. It is a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. 2. It replaces oxygen in the blood, depriving tissues and cells of oxygen. 3. It can cause high blood pressure, heart disease, and hardening of the arteries.

6. Harmful Effects of Pipes and Cigars • Cigars contain more nicotine and produce more tar and carbon monoxide than cigarettes do. • Pipe and cigar tobacco can cause lip, mouth, and throat cancer.

7. Harmful Effects of Smokeless Tobacco • It contains nicotine and carcinogens. • The body receives two to three times more nicotine and carcinogens than it receives from a single cigarette. • It is addictive and poses a dangerous health risk. 1. It can irritate the mouth tissue and cause leukoplakia, white, leathery-looking spots on the skin that can cause cancer. 2. It can cause cancers of the throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas.

8. How Tobacco Affects the Body • Short-term effects occur immediately after using tobacco. 1. There are changes in brain chemistry. Users may experience withdrawal symptoms such as headaches, nervousness, and trembling. 2. There is an increase in respiration and heart rate. Breathing becomes more difficult during physical activity. 3. Tobacco dulls taste buds and reduces appetite. 4. Tobacco causes bad breath and smelly hair, clothes, and skin.

9. How Tobacco Affects the Body B. Long-term effects of tobacco harm many body systems. 1. It harms the nervous system, damaging the cilia and causing bronchitis. 2. It harms the respiratory system, destroying the lungs’ tiny air sacs, causing emphysema and possibly cancer. 3. It harms the cardiovascular system, restricting the blood vessels and cutting down on circulation. This leads to arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and stroke

10. How Tobacco Affects the Body C. Tobacco brings serious consequences for teens. 1. There are legal consequences for people selling tobacco to underage teens. 2. Students who smoke many be suspended or expelled. 3. The smell of tobacco is often offensive, harming a smoker's social life. 4. Users can spend more then $2,000 a year buying tobacco products. 5. United States taxpayers give out about $97 million a year.