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Biotic Pollination

Biotic Pollination. Plant-animal interactions, often mutualisms. Mystery slide…. Biotic Pollination. Cheaters prosper?? Animal cheaters. Yucca moth story Yucca filamentosa. Biotic Pollination. Pollination: yucca moth Behavior: female. Biotic Pollination.

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Biotic Pollination

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  1. Biotic Pollination • Plant-animal interactions, often mutualisms Mystery slide…..

  2. Biotic Pollination • Cheaters prosper?? Animal cheaters. • Yucca moth story • Yucca filamentosa

  3. Biotic Pollination • Pollination: yucca moth • Behavior: female

  4. Biotic Pollination • Mutualism: plant pollinated, moth young eat seeds • If moth cheats (too many eggs?)

  5. Biotic Pollination

  6. Biotic Pollination Interesting plant-animal interactions, often mutualisms Fish affect pollination? Mystery slide…..

  7. Biotic Pollination • Fish affect pollination? • Peelbark St. John’s wort (Hypericum fasciculatum) • Pond margins

  8. Biotic Pollination • Trophic cascade: Effects

  9. Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction(Seed Dispersal)

  10. “Thinking” like a plant…. • Coast redwood tree • 2,000 yrs.: to 10 billion seeds • Safe site: location suitable for

  11. Why disperse? • 1) Escape competition (parent/siblings) • Seed shadow: pattern Usually “acorn doesn’t fall far from tree” Bristlecone pine: lives up to 5000 years!

  12. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  13. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  14. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens • Seed shadow

  15. Why disperse? • 2) Escape predation/disease (often density-dependent: positively correlate w/ density)

  16. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  17. Why disperse? • 3) Find From Plant Ecology Soundtrack Now available iTunes! Axl!

  18. Why disperse? • 4) Gene summer winter

  19. Why disperse? • 5) Maintain “ summer winter

  20. Why disperse? • Track “climate envelopes” (climate change) • Climate envelope:

  21. Dispersal in seed plants • Seed: baby

  22. Fruits • Fruit: Mature ovary • Ovary wall becomes pericarp

  23. Fruits • Pericarp: specialized layers • At most: • exocarp: • mesocarp: • endocarp:

  24. Fruits vs seeds • Dry indehiscent fruits • Achene: 1 seed,

  25. Fruits vs seeds • Dry indehiscent fruits • grain (caryopsis): rice

  26. Resolution • What’s dispersed: fruit or seed? • Diaspore: Single dispersal

  27. Fruit/seed coat functions • 1) Protection:

  28. Fruit/seed coat functions • 2) Seed dormancy • Seal out water/O2 (___________: scarification) Remember?

  29. Fruit/seed coat functions • 3) Seed dispersal • Wings, barbs Left vs. right….

  30. Seed Dispersal • Abiotic: no • Biotic: animal

  31. Ballistic dispersal • Abiotic • Ballistic dispersal: fruit throws

  32. Wind/water dispersal • Other abiotic (physical forces) • Wind dispersal Dispersing ________________ fruits (achenes)

  33. Wind/water dispersal • Other abiotic (physical forces) • Wind dispersal (dandelion) Dispersing Taraxacum fruits (achenes) *controversy!

  34. Plant Ecology Theatre See the whole scene! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqtS9xyl0f4

  35. Biotic • Biotic seed dispersal • Epizoochory: Diaspore Example from lab #3 (weed lab)

  36. Epizoochory • Ex, Devil’s claw (Proboscidea) Devil’s claw fruits) Extinct ground sloth with fruits attached Now?

  37. Epizoochory • 17 top “hitchhiker plants,”

  38. Dispersal Mutualisms • Epizoochory: Some mutualisms. • Ex, scatter hoarding

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