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Biotic Pollination

Discover the intriguing world of biotic pollination through mutualistic interactions and the fascinating Yucca moth story. Dive into the effects of fish on pollination, trophic cascades, and plant growth and reproduction, all while understanding the importance of seed dispersal. Unveil the secrets of fruit and seed dispersal, diaspores, and the various methods of dispersal in plant ecology. Delve into biotic seed dispersal and mutualisms, from epizoochory to scatter hoarding. Enhance your knowledge with this comprehensive journey into the intricate relationships between plants and animals.

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Biotic Pollination

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  1. Biotic Pollination • Plant-animal interactions, often mutualisms Mystery slide…..

  2. Biotic Pollination • Cheaters prosper?? Animal cheaters. • Yucca moth story • Yucca filamentosa

  3. Biotic Pollination • Pollination: yucca moth • Behavior: female

  4. Biotic Pollination • Mutualism: plant pollinated, moth young eat seeds • If moth cheats (too many eggs?)

  5. Biotic Pollination

  6. Biotic Pollination Interesting plant-animal interactions, often mutualisms Fish affect pollination? Mystery slide…..

  7. Biotic Pollination • Fish affect pollination? • Peelbark St. John’s wort (Hypericum fasciculatum) • Pond margins

  8. Biotic Pollination • Trophic cascade: Effects

  9. Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction(Seed Dispersal)

  10. “Thinking” like a plant…. • Coast redwood tree • 2,000 yrs.: to 10 billion seeds • Safe site: location suitable for

  11. Why disperse? • 1) Escape competition (parent/siblings) • Seed shadow: pattern Usually “acorn doesn’t fall far from tree” Bristlecone pine: lives up to 5000 years!

  12. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  13. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  14. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens • Seed shadow

  15. Why disperse? • 2) Escape predation/disease (often density-dependent: positively correlate w/ density)

  16. Why disperse? • Ex, Fremontodendron decumbens (Pine Hill flannel bush)

  17. Why disperse? • 3) Find From Plant Ecology Soundtrack Now available iTunes! Axl!

  18. Why disperse? • 4) Gene summer winter

  19. Why disperse? • 5) Maintain “ summer winter

  20. Why disperse? • Track “climate envelopes” (climate change) • Climate envelope:

  21. Dispersal in seed plants • Seed: baby

  22. Fruits • Fruit: Mature ovary • Ovary wall becomes pericarp

  23. Fruits • Pericarp: specialized layers • At most: • exocarp: • mesocarp: • endocarp:

  24. Fruits vs seeds • Dry indehiscent fruits • Achene: 1 seed,

  25. Fruits vs seeds • Dry indehiscent fruits • grain (caryopsis): rice

  26. Resolution • What’s dispersed: fruit or seed? • Diaspore: Single dispersal

  27. Fruit/seed coat functions • 1) Protection:

  28. Fruit/seed coat functions • 2) Seed dormancy • Seal out water/O2 (___________: scarification) Remember?

  29. Fruit/seed coat functions • 3) Seed dispersal • Wings, barbs Left vs. right….

  30. Seed Dispersal • Abiotic: no • Biotic: animal

  31. Ballistic dispersal • Abiotic • Ballistic dispersal: fruit throws

  32. Wind/water dispersal • Other abiotic (physical forces) • Wind dispersal Dispersing ________________ fruits (achenes)

  33. Wind/water dispersal • Other abiotic (physical forces) • Wind dispersal (dandelion) Dispersing Taraxacum fruits (achenes) *controversy!

  34. Plant Ecology Theatre See the whole scene! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqtS9xyl0f4

  35. Biotic • Biotic seed dispersal • Epizoochory: Diaspore Example from lab #3 (weed lab)

  36. Epizoochory • Ex, Devil’s claw (Proboscidea) Devil’s claw fruits) Extinct ground sloth with fruits attached Now?

  37. Epizoochory • 17 top “hitchhiker plants,”

  38. Dispersal Mutualisms • Epizoochory: Some mutualisms. • Ex, scatter hoarding

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