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Mechanism of Hormone Action

Mechanism of Hormone Action. Mechanism of Hormone Action. Receptor Structure. Mechanism of Hormone Action. LH. Adenylate Cyclase. R. C. Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger). G. Plasma Membrane. Receptor. Protein Kinase A (PKA). S-ER Steroid Synthesis. Mitochondria. Nucleus.

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Mechanism of Hormone Action

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  1. Mechanism of Hormone Action

  2. Mechanism of Hormone Action

  3. Receptor Structure

  4. Mechanism of Hormone Action LH Adenylate Cyclase R C Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger) G Plasma Membrane Receptor Protein Kinase A (PKA) S-ER Steroid Synthesis Mitochondria Nucleus DNA Protein R-ER Protein Synthesis Synthesis (Enzymes)

  5. Mechanism of Hormone Action LH Adenylate Cyclase cAMP cAMP ATP R R C C Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger) G Plasma Membrane Receptor Protein Kinase A (PKA) S-ER Steroid Synthesis Mitochondria Nucleus DNA Protein R-ER Protein Synthesis Synthesis (Enzymes)

  6. Mechanism of Hormone Action LH Adenylate Cyclase cAMP cAMP ATP R C (+ PO4) Histones Nucleus DNA mRNA Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger) G Plasma Membrane Receptor Protein Kinase A (PKA) S-ER Steroid Synthesis Mitochondria Protein R-ER Protein Synthesis Synthesis (Enzymes)

  7. Mechanism of Hormone Action LH Adenylate Cyclase cAMP cAMP Testosterone ATP R C (+ PO4) Histones Nucleus DNA mRNA Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger) G Plasma Membrane Receptor Protein Kinase A (PKA) S-ER Steroid Synthesis Mitochondria Cholesterol Pregnenolone Cholesterol Protein R-ER Protein Synthesis Synthesis (Enzymes)

  8. Mechanism of Hormone Action LH Adenylate Cyclase cAMP cAMP Testosterone ATP R C (+ PO4) Histones Nucleus DNA mRNA Protein Hormones (cAMP second messenger) G Plasma Membrane Receptor Protein Kinase A (PKA) S-ER Steroid Synthesis Mitochondria Cholesterol Pregnenolone Cholesterol Protein R-ER Protein Synthesis Synthesis (Enzymes)

  9. cAMP Second Messenger Hormones • Anterior Pituitary Hormones • LH, FSH, Prolactin • STH, ACTH, TSH • Placental Hormones • HCG, eCG

  10. GnRH PIP2 G-protein PLC Protein Kinase C R SecretoryGranules Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger) Plasma Membrane Receptor Ca2+ Endoplasmic Reticulum Plasma Membrane

  11. GnRH PIP2 PIP2 G-protein PLC Protein Kinase C R SecretoryGranules Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger) Plasma Membrane Receptor Ca2+ Endoplasmic Reticulum Plasma Membrane

  12. GnRH DAG PIP2 PIP2 G-protein PLC Protein Kinase C IP3 Ca2+ R R SecretoryGranules Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger) Plasma Membrane Receptor Ca2+ Endoplasmic Reticulum Plasma Membrane

  13. Ca2+ GnRH DAG PIP2 PIP2 G-protein PLC Protein Kinase C IP3 Ca2+ R R SecretoryGranules Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger) Plasma Membrane Receptor Ca2+ Endoplasmic Reticulum Plasma Membrane

  14. Ca2+ GnRH DAG PIP2 PIP2 G-protein PLC Protein Kinase C IP3 Ca2+ R R SecretoryGranules Fusion LH Protein Hormones (Ca2+ Second Messenger) Plasma Membrane Receptor Ca2+ Endoplasmic Reticulum Plasma Membrane

  15. Calcium Second Messenger Hormones • GnRH • triggers release of LH in anterior pituitary • Oxytocin • triggers contractions of smooth muscle • PGF2 • triggers apoptosis of cell • inhibition of progesterone synthesis

  16. Steroid (estrogen) Diffusion? Change in Cell Physiology New Protein Receptor R-ERProtein synthesis mRNA Steroid Hormone Action Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus DNA

  17. Steroid Hormone Mechanism • Estradiol • Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone • Cortisol

  18. Neuro-secretory Cells Hypothalamus Feedback Loops Releasing Hormones Polypeptides Portal Vein - Anterior Pituitary - Gonadotropins: FSH, LH Proteins Blood Stream Gonads Why only effects on [ ] Receptor on Cell Surface target organs Cyclic AMP inside cell Testosterone { Steroid Hormone Production Estradiol Progesterone Blood Stream Bound to Protein

  19. Endocrine Feedback Loops • Negative • gonadal steriods • Testosterone, Progesterone, Estradiol • Protein hormones • inhibin • Positive • Gonadal steroids • estradiol

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