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Cell transplantation as therapy for chronic heart failure

What is heart failure. The term

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Cell transplantation as therapy for chronic heart failure

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    1. Cell transplantation as therapy for chronic heart failure

    2. What is heart failure The term“heart failure”means the heart is not working as efficiently as it sould.   Heart “ failure " occurs when the heart muscle cannot keep up with the needs the body has for blood flow. It is not a disease itself, but is rather a “ syndrome ” which may arise from numbers of causes.

    3. Mechanism of chronic heart failure Myocardial insult Myocardial dysfunction Increased load Reduced systemic perfusion Neurohormonal ,cytokin, Mechanical stretch signaling Altered gene Growth and Toxicity,ischemia expression remodeling or energy depletion Apoptosis Necrosis Cell death

    4. Loss and dysfunction of cardiomyte are characteristics of chronic heart failure.

    5. Necrosis of cardiomyte

    6. Morbidity of chronic heart failure

    7. Mortality of chronic heart failure

    8. Cost of chronic heart failure

    9. Therapy for heart failure

    10. stem cells are the multipotential, self-renewing cells .Its growth and differentation are regulated by niche cell.

    11. Stem cells grow and different depending on the combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors to which they are exposed.

    12. Adult stem cells can differentiate into developmentally unrelated cell types.

    13. The promise of stell cell research.

    14. The key of applying stem cells is to find how the progenitor cells differentiate into specific cells .

    15. Cell grafting into heart Cell transplatation means grafting of healthy cells into the diseased heart.These cells can suit to a cardiac work load .

    16. Cell sources Skeletal myoblasts Embryonic stem cells Smooth muscle cell Bone marrow stem cells Embryonic cardiomyocytes

    17. Grafting myoblast into the heart Myoblast different into slow-twitch cells

    18. Myoblast different into fatigue-resistent cells

    19. Myoblast grafting into heart improve postinfarction left ventricular function.

    20. marrow stromal cells different into cardiomytes(electron micrograph) . Grafting bone marrow stem cells into heart

    21. 5-aza–treated BMC transplants was scar expansion less.

    22. The scar of the 5-aza–treated BMC transplant was thicker

    23. 5-aza–treated BMC transplants has less LV chamber/body weight (P<0.05)

    24. Fetal cardiomytes different into cardiomytes.The arrowhead shows the intercalated disk(electron micrograph) . Grafting fetal cardiomytes into heart

    25. C: embroynic stem cells 16 d after cardiogenic induction. D: Antisarcomeric myosin immunofluorescence (green signal) of the same field depicted in C. Stem cells different into cardiomytes

    26. The myocardium of control (left) shows necrosis (N) and fibrosis (F). The transplanted smooth muscle cells(right) formed musclelike tissue (T) . Grafting smooth muscle cells into heart

    27. Grafting smooth muscel cells into heart improve heart function.

    28. Cell transplantation and gene therapy

    29. Methods to deliever cells in the clinicle setting A Direct arterial delivery of cells via the coronary circulation . B Direct intracardial injection

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