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The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing

The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing. Kate Pickett, PhD FRSA FFPH. www.equalitytrust.org.uk. Child well-being is better in more equal countries. Pickett and Wilkinson, BMJ, 2007. www.equalitytrust.org.uk. Inequality...

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The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing

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  1. The Consequences of Inequality for Child Wellbeing Kate Pickett, PhD FRSA FFPH

  2. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Child well-being is better in more equal countries • Pickett and Wilkinson, BMJ, 2007

  3. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Inequality... How much richer are the richest 20% in each country than the poorest 20%? • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  4. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Child Wellbeing is not related to National Income per capita • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  5. Pickett and Wilkinson, BMJ, 2007

  6. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Among the rich countries educational scores are not related to national differences in average income • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  7. …but educational scores are related to income differences within rich societies • Source: Marmot Review of Health Inequalities (2010)

  8. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Educational Scores are Higher in More Equal Rich Countries • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  9. www.equalitytrust.org.uk • More Children Drop Out of High School in More Unequal US States • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  10. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Social mobility is lower in more unequal countries • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  11. Why is child well-being and attainment related to greater equality?

  12. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Among the rich countries educational scores are not related to the proportion of school spending that is public • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  13. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Single parenthood is not related to child wellbeing in rich countries • Source: Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level (2009)

  14. www.equalitytrust.org.uk Mental illness is more common in more unequal societies • Wilkinson & Pickett, The Spirit Level

  15. Working hours are longer in more unequal countries • Source: Bowles S, Park Y. Economic Journal 2005; 115 (507): F397–F412. 2005.

  16. ACTH • Cortisol • Effect size • Tasks with both social-evaluative threat and uncontrollability • Other tasks What kind of stress most reliably raises cortisol levels? • Source: Dickerson SS & Kemeny ME. Psychological Bulletin 2004; 130(3): 355-91

  17. Caste Unannounced • Caste Announced Stereotype Threat The effect of caste identity on children's performance • Number of mazes solved • Source: Hoff K, Pandey P, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3351, June 2004

  18. Inequality in child behavioural development • Source: Marmot Review of Health Inequalities (2010)

  19. Key Stage 1 results for areas of Sheffield Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

  20. Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

  21. Source: A Tale of Two Cities The Sheffield Project

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