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Force & Newton’s Laws

Force & Newton’s Laws. Newton’s First Law. Ex. Throwing a ball. force. Force- a push or a pull. gravity. Forces. The combination of forces acting on an object -determines the motion of the object. Net Force-.

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Force & Newton’s Laws

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  1. Force & Newton’s Laws .

  2. Newton’s First Law Ex. Throwing a ball force Force- a push or a pull gravity

  3. Forces The combination of forces acting on an object -determines the motion of the object Net Force- Frictional Force, Gravitational Force, Tensional Force, Electrical Force, Normal Force, Magnetic Force, Air Resistance Force, Applied Force, Spring Force

  4. Forces Net Force-

  5. Balanced & Unbalanced Forces Balanced Forces – 2 or more equal forces whose effects cancel each other out and DO NOT change the objects motion No movement Ex. Tug of war Holding a book

  6. Balanced & Unbalanced Forces Unbalanced Forces – 2 or more unequal forces acting on an object causing the object to accelerate. Yes movement

  7. Newton’s First Law of Motion 1st understood by Galileo Galileii 1564-1642 States that objects at rest will remain at rest or move with a constant velocity unless a force is applied (inertia)

  8. Older Ideas About Motion Galileo- Naturally at Rest or Naturally in Motion “Natural State of Rest” • No force needed to keep • an object moving!! So WHY does an object stop?!

  9. Friction- Force that acts to resist sliding between 2 touching surfaces.

  10. Types of Friction Static Sliding Rolling

  11. Types of Friction Static Friction – friction that prevents an object from moving when a force is applied -caused by the attraction between atoms roughness- mass- static friction

  12. Types of Friction 2. Sliding Friction – slows down a sliding object -due to microscopic roughness of the surfaces Ex. Brake pads on a car Bicycle brakes

  13. Types of Friction 3. Rolling Friction – occurs between a wheel and the ground -needed to make a wheel or tire turn- keeps tire from slipping on the ground (less than sliding friction)

  14. Newton’s 2nd Law ! Net force mass Acceleration = States that an object acted upon by a net force will accelerate in the direction of the force F m a= F=ma

  15. Newton’s 2nd Law ! F=ma F=kg m/s/s Units of force=Newtons (N) 1 kg m/s/s = 1 N

  16. 500 kg F=ma F = 1500 N F = 500kg x 3 m/s/s 3 m/s/s

  17. F=ma 5 kg F = 49 N F = 5kg x 9.8 m/s/s 9.8 m/s/s

  18. 200 kg F=ma F = 400 N F = 200kg x 2 m/s/s 2 m/s/s

  19. GRAVITY Gravity – The force that tends to pull all objects toward the center of the Earth. - measured as weight

  20. LAW of GRAVITATION -The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 3 PARTS

  21. 1. -Any 2 pieces of matter will pull on each other with a certain gravitational force d Planet Bob Planet Gary F

  22. 2. Mass = gravity -The amount of matter in the objects determines the size of the force Earth Moon F F

  23. 3. Distance = gravity Distance = gravity -The distance between the objects affects the size of the force. .5d Planet Bob Planet Gary 4xF

  24. = Gravitational force Between 2 objects m1 x m2 (d)2 g= mass of object1 x mass of object 2 (Distance between objects) 2 100m 100kg 500kg Planet Gary Planet Bob

  25. 100kg x 500kg (100m)2 = g = 50,000kg 10,000m2 = 5N m1 x m2 (d)2 100m 100kg 500kg Planet Gary Planet Bob

  26. Using Newton’s 2nd LAW Turning – net force is at an angle

  27. Circular Motion -direction constantly changing Constantly accelerating - Force is constantly applied Centripetal Force- always perpendicular to the direction of motion

  28. Satellite Motion -direction of motion 8 km/s Or 28,800 km/h

  29. Air Resistance- Air pushing against you Gravity Terminal Air resistance Velocity = Speed = air resistance -Friction 200km/h 300km/h 20km/h Amount depends on shape

  30. Newton’s 3rd LAW of Motion ! -For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force) -States that forces always act in equal but opposite pairs. Gravity table

  31. Action & Reaction forces don’t cancel Reaction Ex. A rocket launch Movement Action

  32. Bob Weightlessness Weightlessness- The condition that occurs in free fall when the weight of an object SEEMS to be zero. scale Bob Measuring weight - scale scale

  33. Weightlessness Weightlessness in Orbit –freefall around the Earth

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