Lecture 6 News and Editorial

1. Lecture 6 News and Editorial

2. Current Briefs UN votes for new Iran sanctions The Security Council begins their meeting at the UN Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010. The United Nations Security Council is scheduled to vote to impose new sanctions against Iran over its nuclear program.

3. Russia‘s Ambassador to the UN Vitaly Churkin (L) speaks with his Chinese counterpart Li Baodong before the start of the Security Council meeting at the UN Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010.

4. Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant of the United Kingdom votes to impose sanctions against Iran over its nuclear program during a meeting of the United Nations Security Council at the UN Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010.

5. US Ambassador to the UN Susan Rice votes to impose sanctions against Iran over its nuclear program during a meeting of the UN Security Council at the UN Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010.

6. Iran's Ambassador Mohammad Khazaee (C) and Syria's Ambassador Bashar Ja'afari (R) speak before the start of the UN Security Council meeting at the UN Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010.

7. (From L to R) Britain's Ambassador Mark Lyall Grant, China's Ambassador Li Baodong, Germany's Ambassador Peter Wittig (back to camera), Russia's Ambassador Vitaly Churkin, U.S. Ambassador Susan Rice and France's Ambassador Gerard Araud speak before the start of the Security Council meeting at the U.N. Headquarters in New York June 9, 2010. 

8. US President Barack Obama speaks about the UN Security Council vote adopting sanctions against Iran from the Diplomatic Room of the White House in Washington June 9, 2010.

9. Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad speaks in Dushanbe, June 9, 2010. Iran dismissed new UN sanctions on Wednesday as "valueless", vowed to continue its nuclear work and warned it may reduce cooperation with the United Nations nuclear agency.

10. Fears for World Cup security after three journalist are robbed From The Times June 10, 2010 By David Brown in Magaliesburg Concerns about the security of England fans in South Africa increased yesterday after three foreign journalists were robbed in their hotel at gunpoint. Security arrangements at the four-star hotel, which is 40 miles from the England base, had been approved for foreign fans and corporate guests by Fifa, the organisers of the World Cup.

11. The raid happened hours before a British police team arrived in Johannesburg to help to advise local officers. Antonio Simoes, a Portuguese photographer, was woken at about 5am by two men in his room at the Nutbush Boma Lodge in Magaliesburg. Mr Simoes said: “One of them had a pistol and pointed it at my head and told me to shut up while the other one rummaged through our things. In the end, when they covered me and put a gun to my chest a second time, I thought, ‘I’m dead’. When they left, they told me to remain silent . . . I stayed an hour and a half inside the room waiting for daylight, to get out.”

12. Nearly 10M sit for college entrance exam By Yan Jie and Shi Jing (China Daily) Students participate in the national college entrance exam in Guiyang No 6 Middle School in Guiyang, capital of Southwest China's Guizhou province, on June 7, 2010. [Xinhua] 

13. BEIJING/SHANGHAI - No annoying drills. Stop the crane. Take a bus instead of driving your car - unless you are taking a student to the national College Entrance Exam. There is no shortage of posters bearing such prohibitions around Beijing in the run-up to the two-day exam period, when high school graduates will compete for places at the country's universities. During China's top test, which starts on Monday, the students are exempt from the nuisances of noise, traffic jams and any other possible disturbances at this crucial moment in their lives.

14. Cities across China have adopted the practice of creating a friendly environment for the students to sit the examination. This year is no exception, even though the odds of receiving a higher education are more favorable than ever before. In the examination process, more than 9.57 million Chinese students will compete against each other for 6.57 million places at the country's universities or colleges, according to the Ministry of Education. With enrollments at 68.7 percent, a 7 percent increase on last year, and a 650,000 drop in the number of students registering to take the entrance exam, the students have a greater opportunity of success than in past years.

15. 消息（News） 1 消息的分类 一般来说，消息报道可以分为两类：一类是通讯社的电讯或报道，短小精悍，内容真实，被称为“纯硬性新闻”，有的报纸将之单独辟为“Brief”栏。第二类报刊的报道比前者要详细得多，但是有些由于夹杂记者的推测和描绘，往往不如前者真实和经得起推敲。 2 消息的基本结构 在英语新闻报道中，最常见的结构主要有两种：倒金字塔结构（inverted pyramid form) 和时间顺序结构 (chronological form)。 1）倒金字塔结构 所谓倒金字塔结构，就是将最重要的、最吸引人的新闻内容

16. 放在第一段或导语中，然后按照内容重要性递减的顺序来安排全文各段落。整篇新闻报道形成头重脚轻的“倒金字塔”结构。放在第一段或导语中，然后按照内容重要性递减的顺序来安排全文各段落。整篇新闻报道形成头重脚轻的“倒金字塔”结构。 2）时间顺序结构 这种结构是按照新闻事实发生的时间先后顺序来报道。这种类型的消息一般由开头(beginning)、按时间顺序叙述的一系列新闻事实(events in sequence) 和结尾(ending)几部分组成。这种写法增加了读者阅读时的悬念感，令人不得不一口气读到全文结尾。 3. 消息的特点 1）真实性 消息讲述的事实本身要真实准确，引用的材料要真实可靠。

17. 2 ）时效性 消息报道讲究时效。对于新动向、新问题、新人、新事等，必须敏锐发现，尽快把握，迅速反应。 3）新鲜性 消息的新鲜性，主要是指其报道事实的新意。新鲜性与时效性是密不可分的。消息的新鲜性有赖于对事实的迅速报道。消息的价值就是要及时报道不断变化的、发展的新情况。 4）公开性 消息是新闻中重要的文体之一，而新闻本身是为社会大众所共同分享的。因此，消息的本质就是最大限度的公开，就是公开就越增值。

18. 5）叙述性 消息表达的方式主要是叙述。因为消息是用事实说话，用事实去反映时代、社会，去表明观点的。简洁的叙述是消息最具有特征的表达手段。

19. 社论 (Editorial) 1. 什么是社论 社论是代表一家报纸或杂志的编辑部发表的权威性评论，所代表的是编辑部的观点，所以社论有时被看作是一家报纸的灵魂。它常以第三者的口吻说话，或对人和事直接发表意见，表明立场、观点和倾向，或提出问题，或号召人们采取行动。 2. 社论的观点 英语社论的篇幅一般较长，文字比较正式，语气较为严肃，语法结构繁琐复杂的长难句也比较常见。社论文章，主要运用逻辑思维去说服读者。在篇章结构上，社论不同于消息或特写，与一般议论文颇为相似，即通常由“引论-论证-结论”三部分组成。读者在实际阅读中，不妨先看社论开头的引论部分，了解全文的论点，然后浏览对引论逐段

20. 进行论证的部分，最后，在结尾部分再细看全文的结论。结论部分一般都会回答引论所提出的问题或重申全文的观点。进行论证的部分，最后，在结尾部分再细看全文的结论。结论部分一般都会回答引论所提出的问题或重申全文的观点。

21. Newspaper Reading Skills词语的文化内涵 由于文化差异，英汉语言中不少词语虽然概念和意义相同，但却具有不同的隐含意义和感情色彩。英语报刊题材面广，内容丰富，涉及政治、经济、军事、宗教、社会风尚、价值观念、生活方式等各个方面，如果对报刊文章中涉及的词语文化内涵不加以了解，往往会产生误解，不能很好地理解文章。 例如，politician这个词在美国英语中具有强烈的贬义色彩，指“为谋取个人私利而耍政治手腕的人”，这个词还有“精明圆滑”之意。而在英汉词典的注释中，它所对应的“政治家”一词在汉语中却毫无贬义。 又如，汉语中“野心勃勃的”一词具有的贬义色彩，而它所对应的ambitious在美国英语中却是褒义词，指“有雄心的，有抱负的”。另外，很多人一看见do-gooder这个词

22. ，就理解为“做好事的人”，这在汉语中显然是褒义的，可是这个词的真是含义是“真心实意有志于为社会谋福利或进行改革，但通常是不现实的人道主义者，一般带有于天真或浮躁鲁莽、徒劳无功等贬义”。，就理解为“做好事的人”，这在汉语中显然是褒义的，可是这个词的真是含义是“真心实意有志于为社会谋福利或进行改革，但通常是不现实的人道主义者，一般带有于天真或浮躁鲁莽、徒劳无功等贬义”。 又如：senior citizen 老年人 non-person 没有社会地位的人 baby-kisser 为竞选而笼络人心的政客 easy meat 容易上当受骗的人 black-hat 坏人 whistle-blower 告密者 busybody 英语报刊中类似的词语很多，只有真正了解这些词语的内涵，才不会根据结构望文生义，造成误解。