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Living Foundries. Living Foundries. Polymers Catalysts Heterogeneous, functional materials. DNA instruction set. Complex Materials. Cellulose. Chemicals Fuels Pharma. Natural gas. Molecules. Sugar. CO 2. Coal. Systems. “cell-like” factory. Multi-cellular constructs
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Living Foundries Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Living Foundries Polymers Catalysts Heterogeneous, functional materials DNA instruction set Complex Materials Cellulose Chemicals Fuels Pharma Natural gas Molecules Sugar CO2 Coal Systems “cell-like” factory Multi-cellular constructs Self-repairing systems Sentinel Organisms Disruptive capabilities in materials, therapeutics, sensors and manufacturing paradigms Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Engineering Biology: Prohibitive Cost, Time, Complexity minimal bacterium yeast 1011 DARPA annual budget DuPont 1,3 propanediol 2002 1010 109 Amyris Artemisinin 2009 108 SOA Effort (total $ * yrs to develop) [$*yr] 107 106 Living Foundries 105 metabolic engineering 104 genome rewrite complex genetic circuits 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 103 Complexity (# genes inserted/modified) Problem:Engineering biology is prohibitively time and money intensive, blockingdisruptive capabilities across materials, sensors, medicine and manufacturing. Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
“There was a gap between the sorts of systems we could visualize and what we could actually get into hardware in a timely way.” Lynn Conway on VLSI Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Comparison: integrated circuit design and fab Intel 4004 Year - 1971 Artemisinic acid production in yeast dual-feedback oscillator Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Comparison: integrated circuit design and fab Conway and Mead Design Principles Technical • Simplification and Standardization • Raise abstraction level of design • Design Rules • Design Tools Intel 4004 Year - 1971 Structural • Decoupling of Design and Fab • Access to rapid prototyping services (common infrastructure) • Enable open collaboration Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited 6
Building a new technology base to enable transformative applications Living Foundries: ATCG Living Foundries: 1000 Molecules New tools to enable rapid engineering of biology Foundries Enable scale and rapid prototyping of genetic designs never before accessible Demo New Capability 1000 Molecules 1000 new chemical building blocks for new materials 100x faster DBT cycle for engineering biology . . . Enable Impossible Projects IMPACT: Open up new avenues for innovation Enable access/new entrants Fundamental shift in chemical/materials industry Engage and Seed industrial/academic partnerships Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
BTO • Biology as Technology Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Traditional DoD View of Biology Biology = Medicine for the Warfighter Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
Traditional DoD View of Biology National Security Technology Biology = Medicine for the Warfighter Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited