Unit 1

1. Unit 1 Personality

2. Personality In a general sense, the term “personality” refers to: • All the personal and moral characteristics • That determine the way a person thinks, feels and acts • In his or her social and personal relations.

3. Preparation Topics

4. Think About Following Questions • How do you describe your own personality? • List as many as possible adjectives to describe people’s personality traits? • Work on the warm-up exercise on page 1.

5. Part OnePreparation Mr. And Miss So and So

6. Kind Warm Hard-working Unselfish Free Loving Humorous Independent Careful Brave Strong Charming Honest Cautious Persuasive Expressive Serious Knowledgeable Enthusiastic Good-tempered Emotional Optimistic Quick-minded Curious Adj. to Describe Personality

7. Open-minded Efficient Intelligent Matter-of-fact Romantic Generous Creative Cooperative Reasonable Logical Sociable Responsible Original Inventive Broad-minded Imaginative Artistic Courageous Outspoken Stable Reliable Loyal Adj. to Describe Personality

8. Changeable Likable Critical Outgoing Practical Trustworthy Stubborn Determined Soft Moody Neat Precise Modest Bad-tempered Rude Lazy Cold Helpful Prompt Self-centered Talented Agreeable Adaptable Adj. to Describe Personality

9. Part One Preparation Personality and Job • Discuss with your partner and decide the personality traits that you think would make an ideal person for different jobs. • Do you think personality can influence people’s choice of job?

10. Part OnePreparation Personality Test

11. Personality Test • Select a shape below that appeals to you the most and then click it to read about your personality. Next

12. Introspective Sensitive Reflective • You come to grips more frequently and thoroughly with yourself and your environment than do most people. • You detest superficiality; you'd rather be alone than have to suffer through small talk. • But your relationships with your friends are highly intensive, which gives you the inner tranquility and harmony that you need in order to feel good. • However it is no problem for you to be alone for extended periods of time, without becoming bored.

13. Independent Unconventional Unfettered • You demand a free and unattached life for yourself that allows you to determine your own course. • You have an artistic bent in your work or leisure activities. • Your urge for freedom sometimes causes you to do exactly the opposite of what expected of you. • Your lifestyle is highly individualistic. • You would never blindly imitate what is "in"; on the contrary, you seek to live according to your own ideas and convictions, even if this means swimming against the tide.

14. Dynamic Active Extroverted • You are quite willing to accept certain risks and to make a strong commitment in exchange for interesting and varied work. • Routine, in contrast, tends to have a paralyzing effect on you. • What you like most is to be able to play an active role in events. In doing so, your initiative is highly pronounced.

15. Down to Earth Well-Balanced Harmonious • You value a natural style and love that which is uncomplicated. • People admire you because you have both feet planted firmly on the ground and they can depend on you. • You give those who are close to you security and space. You are perceived as being warm and human. • You reject everything that is garish (俗气的) and trite (陈腐的). • You tend to be skeptical toward the whims (一时兴致) of fashion trends. For you, clothing has to be practical and unobtrusively (不突兀) elegant.

16. Professional Pragmatic (独断的) Self-Assured • You take charge of your life, and place less faith in your luck and more in your own deeds. • You solve problems in a practical, uncomplicated manner. • You take a realistic view of the things in your daily life and tackle them without wavering. • You are given a great deal of responsibility at work, because people know that you can be depended upon. • Your pronounced strength of will projects your self-assurance to others. • You are never fully satisfied until you have accomplished your ideas.

17. Peaceful Discreet Non-Aggressive • You are easy-going yet discreet. • You make friends effortlessly, yet enjoy your privacy and independence. • You like to get away from it all and be alone from time to time to contemplate the meaning of life and enjoy yourself. • You need space, so you escape to beautiful hideaways, but you are not a loner. • You are at peace with yourself and the world, and you appreciate life and what this world has to offer.

18. Carefree Playful Cheerful • You love a free and spontaneous life. • And you attempt to enjoy it to the fullest, in accordance with the motto: "You only live once." • You are very curious and open about everything new; you thrive on change. • Nothing is worse than when you feel tied down. • You experience your environment as being versatile and always good for a surprise.

19. Romantic Dreamy Emotional • You are a very sensitive person. • You refuse to view things only from a sober, rational standpoint. • What your feelings tell you is just as important to you. • In fact, you feel it is important to have dreams in life, too. • You reject people who scorn romanticism and are guided only by rationality. • You refuse to let anything confine the rich variety of your moods and emotions.

20. Analytical Trustworthy Self-Assured • Your momentary sensitivity represents that which is of high quality and durable. • Consequently, you like to surround yourself with little “gems (珍宝)," which you discover wherever they are overlooked by others. • Thus, culture plays a special role in your life. • You have found your own personal style, which is elegant and exclusive, free from the whims of fashion. • Your ideal, upon which you base your life, is cultured pleasure. • You value a certain level of culture on the part of the people with whom you associate.

21. Personality • How do people form their personality? Or what factors can influence personality? inherited from genes external factors as we mature • What aspects will personality influence people’s life? Social relationship Job interview Health Behavior style

22. Inclass Reading

23. Pre-Reading Discussion • Do you consider yourself shy? What are specific characteristics of shy person? • Is shyness a positive or negative personality? • Do you consider shyness can cause some trouble or misery in social life? • What do you think are the reasons for shyness? • What are the ways to overcome shyness?

24. Words & Phrases

25. New Words & Phrases 1.acquaintance 1) Acquaintv. acquaint sb/oneself with sth ~ make sb/oneself familiar with or aware of sth 使某人／自己熟悉或了解某事物 e.g. Please acquaint me with the facts of the case. 请把这件事的情况告诉我。 Let me acquaint you with my family. 请让你认识一下我的家人。

26. New Words & Phrases 1.acquaintance 2) Acquaintedadj. a)be acquainted with sth ~ be familiar with sth 对某事物熟悉 e.g. Are you acquainted with the works of Shakespeare? 你对莎士比亚的作品熟悉吗？ b) be acquainted with sb ~ knowing sb personally 对某人认识的 e.g. I am not acquainted with the lady. 我不认识那位女士。 Let’s get better acquainted. 让我们进一步互相了解吧。

27. New Words & Phrases 3) acquaintance n. a) have sb’s acquaintance / make the acquaintance of sb ~ get to know sb; meet sb personally 结识某人，与某人相见 e.g. I made his acquaintance at a party. 我是在一个聚会上认识他的。 b) have a nodding acquaintance with sb/sth ~ know sb/sth slightly 与某人有点头之交，对某事物略知一二 e.g. I have no more than a nodding acquaintance with her novels. 我对她写的小说不甚了解。

28. New Words & Phrases 2. adversely Adverseadj. be adverse to 1) ~ not favorable, contrary 不利的，相反的 e.g. adverse winds, weather conditions 逆风，恶劣的天气 adverse circumstances 逆境 adverse fortune　恶运 2) ~ hostile, opposing 敌对的，反对的 e.g. adverse criticism 非难，敌对的批评 3) ~ harmful 有害的 e.g. the adverse effects of drugs 药物的有害副作用 Adverseness n. 反对; 逆, 不利, 不幸

29. New Words & Phrases ...给某人保证 3. Assurancen. give sb. an assurance that have full assurance of have (an) easy assurance of manner shake sb.'s assurance with assurance 完全相信 有悠然自信的态度 动摇某人的信心 有把握地, 自信地

30. New Words & Phrases 4. converse 1) converse (with sb) (about sth); converse together v. ~ talk 交谈 e.g. She sat conversing with the President. 她坐着与总统交谈。 2) the conversen. ~ [single] the opposite 相反的事物 e.g. He says she is satisfied, but I believe the converse to be true: she is very dissatisfied. 3) converseadj. ~ opposite to sth 与…相反的，逆的 e.g. I hold the converse opinion. 我持反对意见

31. New Words & Phrases 5. Detrimental detriment n. ~ harm, damage or loss to the detriment of sb/sth without detriment to sb/sth 对…有害 对…没有伤害 e.g. Smoking is now considered a detriment to good health. 现在认为，烟对健康有害 He sits up very late to the detriment of his health. 他常常熬夜, 这对他的健康不利。 Detrimental adj. be detrimental to sth/sb

32. New Words & Phrases 6. Enthusiastically 1） enthusiasm n. Enthusiasm for/about sth ~ strong feeling of admiration or interest; great eagerness 热爱，热心，热情 e.g. His enthusiasm made everyone else interested. 他的热情激发了大家的兴致。 be full of enthusiasm about be in enthusiasm feel no enthusiasm for/about with enthusiasm enthusiasm for ... 热衷于 怀有热情 对某事不热心[没有兴趣] 热情[烈]地 热, ...狂

33. New Words & Phrases 6.Enthusiastically 2) enthusiast n. enthusiast for/about sth ~ person filled with enthusiasm 热情的人，热心的人，热中者 e.g. an enthusiast for/about all kinds of pop music 酷爱各种流行音乐的人 3) enthusiastic adj. enthusiastic about/over sth/sb ~ full of enthusiasm 热情的，热心的 e.g. She’s very enthusiastic about singing. 她非常喜欢唱歌。

34. New Words & Phrases 7. Excessively excess n. an excess of sth ~ more than the reasonable,e expected or moderate degree or amount of sth 过度，过分，过量，过多 e.g. An excess of fat in one’s diet can lead to heart disease. 饮食中脂肪过量能导致心脏病。 to excess ~ to an extreme degree 过度，过分，无度 e.g. He drinks to excess. 他酗酒无度。

35. New Words & Phrases 8. Impression • make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象; 给人...以影响 • make no impression on 对....无影响[效果] • give sb. a favorable impression 给某人以好印象 • First impressions are half the battle. First impressions are most lasting. [谚]最初的印象最深刻; 先入为主。

36. New Words & Phrases 9. Inferior adj. inferior to sb/sth ~ low(er) in rank, social position, importance, quality, etc （等级、社会地位、重要性、质量等）低的，次要的，低等的，差的 e.g. make sb feel inferior 使某人自惭形秽 inferior by comparison 相形见绌 反义词：superior adj. superior to sb/sth Inferiority n. Inferiority complex Superiority complex 自卑感，自卑情结 优越情结（在自觉不如他人时，反而故意表现出的优越感）

37. New Words & Phrases 10.Isolate v. isolate sb/sth from sb/sth ~ put or keep sb/sth entirely apart from other people or things, separate sb/sth 使完全隔离，孤立某人 e.g. When a person has a n infectious disease, he is usually isolated from other people. 人患传染病时通常要与他人隔离开。

38. New Words & Phrases 10.Isolate v. isolated adj. ~ separate; single or unique 隔离的，分离的，孤立的，单独的 e.g. an isolated outbreak of smallpox 局部地区的天花病突发 isolation n. isolation from sb/sth 隔离，脱离，分离，孤立 isolation hospital, isolation ward 隔离医院，隔离病房

39. Passage Reading The Misery of Shyness

40. Sentence Study

41. 1. All kinds of people describe themselves as shy: short, tall, dull, intelligent, young, old, slim, overweight. (line 1) 和“describe … as” 类似的词组： accept … as interpret … as regard … as view … as look on … as consider … as take … as perceive … as label … as “as”后面可以接名词、动名词、形容词 1. You should not interpret the silence as a refusal. 2. Many people disapprove of the tax, regarding it as unfair. 3. Stress is widely perceived as contributing to heart disease.

42. 2. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. (line. 3) be concerned with ~ be about sth. 与某事物有关，涉及某事物 e.g. Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment. 她最近的一部纪录片是关于青年人失业问题。

43. 2. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. (line. 3) • Concerned adj. e.g. We’re all concerned for her safety. 我们都为他的安全担忧。 Concerned about/for sth/ that … ~ worried; troubled 担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的 Concern n. ~ worry, anxiety concern for/about/over sth/sb; concern that… 担心，忧虑，焦虑，焦急 e.g. There is now considerable concern for their safety. 现在对他们的安全相当担心。

44. 3. In genearl, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. (line. 9) • Profound adj. ~ deep, intense or far-reaching, very great 深的，深切的，深远的，极度的，极大的 ~ having or showing great knowledge or insight 知识渊博的，见解深刻的 a profound silence profound sympathy profound regret a profound sleep take a profound interest a profound theory profound knowledge 意味深长的沉默 深切[厚]的同情 极为遗憾 酣睡 深感兴趣, 十分关切 深奥的理论 渊博的知识

45. 4. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one…(line 22) compliment n. 1) ~ expression of admiration, approval, etc., either in words or by action (e.g. by asking sb. for his advice or opinions, or by imitating him) （以言语或行动做出的）恭维的表示；敬意；赞扬 （例如向某人请教或效法他） e.g. The general paid that soldier a compliment on his courage on battlefield. 2) (pl.) greetings （多用作复数）问候；致意；道贺 e.g. with the compliments of the season 谨致佳节祝贺（西方人圣诞、新年互相祝贺用语）

46. Text Structure

47. Organization of the Text • Introduction (Para. 1) Shy ness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. • Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect. (para. 2-3) • Ways of overcoming shyness. (para. 4-15) • Conclusion: (para. 16) The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.

48. Group Discussion • Among the ten ways of overcoming shyness mentioned in the text, which do you think is/are the most effective? Why? • Is it acceptable or even desirable to be shy sometimes? If so, on which occasions? • in the presence of boss, parents’ friends or elders; • dating sb. at the first time; • in a new environment; • facing a large audience, etc

49. Thank You for Your Attention