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Aloha Oe. Our First Coup d ’ Etat. The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy. Background. Polynesian Settlement Since 500 AD James Cook 1778 Sandwich Islands Monarchy established 1810. Relationship to US. 1820s: Missionaries Mainly from New England 1874: Exlusive trading rights
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Our First Coup d’Etat The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy
Background • Polynesian Settlement • Since 500 AD • James Cook 1778 • Sandwich Islands • Monarchy established 1810
Relationship to US • 1820s: Missionaries • Mainly from New England • 1874: Exlusive trading rights • 1876: Reciprocity Treaty • Removed US tariffs on sugar
“Bayonet Constitution” 1887 • Insisted on by planters • Limited powers of monarchy • Repealed vote for most Hawaiians • Wealthy landowners in charge
Queen Liliuokalani • Crowned 1891 • Western, Christian • Composed “Aloha ‘Oe” • Popular
The Queen’s GambitJanuary 14, 1893 • Queen announces new Constitution • Restore monarch’s authority • Limit power of planters • Planters form “Committee of Safety”
Hawaiian Plotters • Lorrin Thurston • Child of US missionaries • Author of Bayonet Constitution • Advisor to Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaiian Plotters • Sanford Dole • Attorney • Pineapple family • Friend of Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaiian Plotters • John L. Stevens • US Ambassador • Imperialist • Pres. Harrison supports annexation
January 17, 1893 • Committee declares new “Provisional Government” • Stevens, US ambassador • Recognizes new government • Orders marines on USS Boston to come ashore and protect property
Results • “Republic of Hawaii” Proclaimed • Sanford Dole sworn in as President • US recognizes government
Results • Grover Cleveland, 1893 • Anti-Imperialist - will not annex • William McKinley, 1897 • Hawaii becomes territory • 1959: Hawaii becomes state