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Energy Management in Manufacturing. Energy or Tool ……Who came first ?. Recently Highlighted By. Timothy G. Gutowski Department of Mechanical Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA. Production of Materials :Annual Primary Energy Consumption.
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Energy Management in Manufacturing Energy or Tool ……Who came first ?
Recently Highlighted By Timothy G. Gutowski Department of Mechanical Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA
Energy System Vs Technology Silicon Era Machine Free Era ??? Machines Era Water Mills Wind Mills Heat Engines Steam /gas turbines Compound Tool Era Single body Tool Era Cattle as Energy Systems Pre-historic Technology Humans as Energy Systems Pre-historic Energy Systems
The First Look at Manufacturing Process • The main purpose of manufacturing processes is to transform materials into useful products. During any Manufacturing operation, energy resource(s) are consumed. This alerts the usefulness of material resources.
Humans Questioned by the Ecology • Human is only one living species that uses so many Manufacturing Processes. • Why So? • Is this a pure enjoyment? • Not a necessity? • Yet Human say: • Necessity is the mother of Invention…
An Exclusive Thermodynamic Characteristic of Humans Life on Earth Carbon Energy Reservoirs Autotrophs Heterotrophs Somatic Heterotrophs Extra-Somatic Heterotrophs
The Powerful Extrasomatic Inventions : FIRE, FLAME and TORCH • Fire is a discovery rather than an invention. • Homo erectus probably discovered fire by accident. • Fire was most likely given to man as a 'gift from the heavens' when a bolt of lightning struck a tree or a bush, suddenly starting it on fire. • The flaming touch and the campfire probably constituted early man's first use of 'artificial' lighting. • As early as 400,000 BC, fire was kindled in the caves of Peking man. • Prehistoric man, used primitive lamps to illuminate his cave. • Various Oils were used as fuels.
The First Civilized Extrasomatic Action!!!!! Fire Can only Heat Solids !!!!! Direct roasting is uneconomic !!!
Earliest Types Of Cooking Vessels • Primitive humans may first have savoured roast meat by chance, when the flesh of a beast killed in a forest fire was found to be more palatable and easier to chew and digest than the customary raw meat. • They probably did not deliberately cook food, though, until long after they had learned to use fire for light and warmth. • It has been speculated that Peking man roasted meats, but no clear evidence supports the theory. • During Palaeolithic Period, Aurignacian people of southern France apparantly began to steam their food over hot embers by wrapping it in wet leaves. • Crude procedures • as toasting wild grains on flat rocks and using shells, skulls, • or hollowed stones to heat liquids. • Introduction of pottery during the Neolithic Period. • A paste, toasted to crustiness when dropped on a hot stone, made the first bread.
