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The Narrow Road to the Deep North and Other Travel Sketches By: Matsuo Bash ō. Brianna Green & Ashley Longo. 俳句. Haiku. -Also known as hokku The shortest among traditionally accepted forms of Japanese poetry Grown out of a long process 17 syllables- three sections of five-seven-five. Waka.
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The Narrow Road to the Deep North and Other Travel SketchesBy: Matsuo Bashō Brianna Green & Ashley Longo
俳句 Haiku -Also known ashokku • The shortest among traditionally accepted forms of Japanese poetry • Grown out of a long process • 17 syllables- three sections of five-seven-five
Waka • Established long before haiku • 31 syllables- 5 sections of five-seven-five-seven-seven • Emotive expression and a refined description of nature. • Extremely popular among aristocratic courtiers
Kamakura Period (1192-1392) • Long chained of linked verse • Poets wrote alternately • To prevent chaotic confusion, various schools of poets were formed • Serious (ushin) • - emulating the elegant style of waka • Non-Serious (mushin) • - witty composition of low order.
Sōgi & Linked Verse Perfection • Starting piece evolved into the hokku of the series • Most experienced poets • Five-seven-five form • Two essential parts • Season in which it is written • Breaking word (kireji) • Small, emotionally charged • Extra strength and dignity
Sōin(1602-82) • Concept of Metaphor (gūgen) • Bringing together two different categories • Theory of substance (jitsu) and essence (kyo) in poetry • Later developed by Bashō
Matsuo Bashō (1644-94) • At age 9, he entered into the service of the Todo family, as a page • Yoshitada, the young heir • study-mate who took more to the acquisition of literary accomplishments than to the practice of military arts. -Kigin (1624-1705) - taught Bashō and Yoshitada the art of linked verse
Bashō lifted haiku into a perfect realm: poetry that embodied in itself the seriousness and elegance of Sōgi and the freedom of energy of Sōin
Konjikidō, or the “Golden Chapel” Even the long rain of May Has left it untouched – This Golden Chapel Aglow in the sombre shade p. 119
Climbing Mount Haguro (over 2500 steps to the top) Blessed indeed In this South Valley Where the gentle wind breathes The faint aroma of snow p. 124
Clear voiced cuckoo, Even you will need The silver wings of a crane To span the islands of Matsushima by Sora, p. 116
Summary • Four major points to writing a haiku • 1. 17 syllables, 3 sections of five-seven-five • 2. Based upon a season • 3. The use of metaphors (gūgen) • 4. Breaking word (kireji)