1 / 15

Birth control: hormonal methods

Explore oral pills, injection, patch, ring, implants & morning-after pill. Learn about efficacy, side effects, pros, cons, and contraindications, with guidance on usage and considerations for different hormonal birth control options.

rosalez
Download Presentation

Birth control: hormonal methods

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Birth control: hormonal methods Maša Vikić-Topić Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

  2. Introduction • Oral hormones: the pill • Morning-after pill • Injection: depot medroxypro- gesterone acetate (DMPA) • Contraceptive patch • Vaginal ring • Contraceptive implants

  3. Because of many side-effects, OCP can be bought only with a doctor’s prescription. • OCP is effective on some animals. • Because of its simple use, OCP were easily introduced in many parts of the world. • The first OCP were made out of wild yam root. • If pregnancy occurs under OCP, there is a higher risk of multiple pregnancies.

  4. Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) • Oral contraceptive made from synthetic hormones • 97%-99% effective • Combined pill or mini-pill

  5. Combined pill • Contains estrogen and progestin • 21-day or 28-day form • Monophasic or multiphasic (fewer side effects) • Effect: ova do not mature so there is no ovulation

  6. Mini-pill • Contains only progestin • Used continuously 28 days • Effect: thickens the cervical mucus and makes the lining of the uterus less receptive to implantation • Indicated because of medical reasons and women breatsfeeding

  7. Absolute: CV diseases, liver damage, hormone-dependent tumors Relative: age >35 + another risk factor (smoking, DM etc.) Contraindications

  8. ↓ Dysmenorrhea ↓ Ovarian carcinoma ↓ Endometrial carcinoma ↓ Ovarian cysts ↓ Breast cysts ↓ PID ↓ Risk of ectopic pregnancy ↓ Anemia ↓ Acne ↓ Hair growth ↓ Osteoporosis Pro’s

  9. ↑ Risk of CV disease ↑ Risk of breast cancer ↑ Risk of cervical cancer ↑ Risk of thromboembolic episodes ↑ Risk of liver adenoma Lipid metabolism disorders Nausea Depression Post-pill amenorrhea Weight gain Breast tenderness Con’s

  10. Morning-after pill • Contains a progestin or a progesterone agonist-antagonist • Effect: prevents or delays ovulation, blocks fertilization, or keeps a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus • Application: oral, up to 107 to 120 hours after intercourse • Side effects: nausea,abdominal pain, fatigue, headache, dizziness, and breast tenderness

  11. Injection depot DMPA • Synthetic long-acting form of the hormone progesterone • Effect: prevents the release of the ova from the ovary (ovulation); promotes thick cervical mucus • Application: injected every three months (12 weeks) • Side effects: irregular menstrual cycles, cessation of menstrual periods, weight gain • Con: long time before pregnancy can occur

  12. Contraceptive patch • Transdermal delivery system • Effect: same as OCP • Application: stuck on skin every week • Side effects: same as OCP, greater risk (con) • Pro: better compliance

  13. Vaginal ring • Device that contains combined hormones • Effect: same as OCP • Application: placed in the vagina for 3 weeks • Side effects: same as OCP + increased vaginal discharge

  14. Contraceptive implants • Slow release of a progestin over a period of three years • Effect: prevents the release of the egg from the ovary (ovulation); promotes thick cervical mucus • Application: inserted in the upper arm under local anesthesia • Side effects: irregular bleeding • Pro: fertility rapidly returns

  15. THANK YOU 

More Related