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South America Ancient History

South America Ancient History . Mesoamerican Empires. MESOAMERICAN LOCATION NOTABLE EMPIRE ACHIEVEMENTS. Maya The Yucatan Peninsula, present -day Mexico , Belize, Guatemala.

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South America Ancient History

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  1. South America Ancient History

  2. Mesoamerican Empires • MESOAMERICAN LOCATION NOTABLE EMPIRE ACHIEVEMENTS Maya The Yucatan Peninsula, present-day Mexico, Belize, Guatemala Hieroglyphic writing, astronomy, calendar, math, team sports Inca Present-day Peru, Highway system, Ecuador, Chile central govt Aztec Present Mexico City Great Temple of Tenochititlan

  3. Mayan

  4. The Maya • Before cities, lived in villages grew corn, beans and squash • Slash-and-burn agriculture is burning vegetation to clear land for planting • Trade http://www.history.com/topics/maya/videos#the-mayans

  5. What about sandy???????

  6. Maya- Cities/ Government • Classic Age 250-900 AD built cities • Cities contained stone pyramids, temples, palaces (built honor gods/rulers) • City-states each had own ruler & govt • Linked in 2 ways 1. trade 2. warfare

  7. Maya- Society/ religion • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zul8w1RYypk • Kings great influence, believed kings communicate with gods • Worshipped many gods • Performed private/public rituals, blood to gods (piercing tongue/skin) • Playing Ball Game • Upper Class- Priests/ Warriors • Lower Class- Farmers/slaves

  8. Maya- Achievements • Impressive buildings and architecture • Astronomy, math, writing • Calendar system 365 day farming 260 day religious • #system- concept of zero • Glyphs-symbols represented objects/ sounds • Codex- written book

  9. Maya-Decline • 1. Environmental damage, overuse of resources/ drought • 2. Warfare competition over land • 3. Abuse of power

  10. Aztecs

  11. Aztecs • Legend- look for eagle perched on cactus eating snake, build city there • Lake Texcoco- Tenochtitlan • Formed alliance with other city-states • Pay tribute, type of tax, basis of economy • Military force destroy towns

  12. Aztec- Society/ Religion • King (Royal Family) • Priests (Interpreted calendar & performed religious ceremonies) • Merchants & Artisans (goods for tribute) • Farmers(poor, paid so much in tribute) • Slaves (captured/ didn’t pay debt)

  13. Aztec-achievements • Arts and science • Bright feathers into headdresses • Metalworkers (gold, silver, copper, jewelry/masks) • Stonework on temples • Writing tax records & business deals

  14. Inca

  15. Inca Empire • Began expansion from Andes 1400s • Leader was Pachacuti- used political alliances & military force gain territory • Height population around 12 million

  16. Inca Empire • Government • Emperor most power • Needed help, didn’twant people conquered to gain power • Moved in new leaders loyal to Inca Empire • Created stability • Military protected internal/ external attacks

  17. Inca Empire • Economy • Common people require to pay a labor tax called mita • Mitapaid by women weaving clothes, men work govt farms, mines • No markets but govt distributed food • Govt kept extra goods

  18. Inca Empire • Economy • Used quipu or set of colored and knotted cords keep track of goods • Colors and knots represented numbers or dates • No written language • Used quipu record tax records, livestock, population • Road system communication/ control economy

  19. Inca empire • Society • Ayllu-each family grouped into a cooperative community • Each group of 10 ayllus had a chief • Worked together on different tasks (farming, building canals, performing religious rituals)

  20. Inca empire • Society • Class divisions but no slaves • Lower Class farmers, artisans, servants( plain clothes, serve upper class) • Upper Class King, govt officials, priests (DO NOT pay labor tax) • Religion- worship Sun God, sacrifices of llamas, cloth, food

  21. Inca- achievements • Talented buildings (temples, forts, roads- still standing) • Art- metalwork • Weavers- wool & cotton (patterns status in society)

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