1 / 20

Terpenes

Terpenes. Learning outcomes. Terpenes are unsaturated compounds formed by joining together isoprene units. Terpenes are components of a wide variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. Terpene derivatives are responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices. Terpenes.

roscoe
Download Presentation

Terpenes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Terpenes

  2. Learning outcomes • Terpenes are unsaturated compounds formed by joining together isoprene units. • Terpenes are components of a wide variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. • Terpene derivatives are responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices.

  3. Terpenes • The name ‘terpene’ is derived from the Greek word ‘terebinth’. • Terebinth is a type of pine tree from which terpene-containing resins are obtained.

  4. What are terpenes? • Natural organic compounds. • Components of a variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. • Used in perfumes, essential oils and medicines.

  5. Essential oils contain terpenes • Lavender – used to relieve tension. • Ylang-ylang – used to treat anxiety. • Lemon oil – aids good circulation. • Essential oils often contain a mixture of terpenes.

  6. Spices contain terpenes • Terpenes in plants can be oxidised to produce the compounds responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices. • Terpenes containing oxygen or other functional groups are known as ‘terpenoids’. • Common spices containing terpenes include cloves, cinnamon and ginger.

  7. Terpenes are unsaturated • Terpenes are unsaturated compounds. • All terpenes are built up from units of isoprene.

  8. Isoprene • Isoprene is the common name for 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene

  9. Isoprene One isoprene unit contains five carbon atoms

  10. Building terpenes from isoprene Isoprene units can be linked: • head to tail to form linear terpenes • in rings to form cyclic terpenes.

  11. Myrcene – a linear terpene Head Tail Head Tail • Myrcene is a component of plants, including bay, ylang-ylang and thyme.

  12. Limonene – a cyclic terpene

  13. Menthol – a cyclic terpenoid This terpene has been oxidised to a terpenoid

  14. Absinthe – a cyclic terpenoid This terpene has been oxidised to a terpenoid

  15. Camphor – a cyclic terpenoid

  16. a-Selinene – a cyclic terpene 3 isoprene units 15 carbon atoms

  17. β-carotene – a linear terpene 8 isoprene units 40 carbon atoms

  18. Questions • Which unit makes up every terpene? • How many carbons are there in an isoprene unit? • What is the systematic name for isoprene? • What is an oxidised terpene known as?

  19. Answers • Which unit makes up every terpene? Isoprene unit • How many carbons there are in an isoprene unit? Five • What is the systematic name for isoprene? 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene • What is an oxidised terpene known as? Terpenoid

  20. Summary • Terpenes are unsaturated compounds formed by joining together isoprene units. • Terpenes are components in a wide variety of fruit and floral flavours and aromas. • Terpenes can be oxidised within plants to produce the compounds responsible for the distinctive aroma of spices.

More Related