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Evaluation of an Advanced Harmonic Filter for Adjustable Speed Drives using a Toolbox Approach

Nordic Workshop on Power and Industrial Electronics NORPIE / 2004 June 14-16, 2004, Trondheim, Norway. Evaluation of an Advanced Harmonic Filter for Adjustable Speed Drives using a Toolbox Approach. Lucian Asiminoaei  , Steffan Hansen  , Frede Blaabjerg .  Aalborg University

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Evaluation of an Advanced Harmonic Filter for Adjustable Speed Drives using a Toolbox Approach

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  1. Nordic Workshop on Power and Industrial Electronics NORPIE / 2004 June 14-16, 2004, Trondheim, Norway Evaluation of an Advanced Harmonic Filter for Adjustable Speed Drives using a Toolbox Approach Lucian Asiminoaei, Steffan Hansen,Frede Blaabjerg  Aalborg University Institute of Energy Technology Dk-9220, Aalborg, Denmark  Danfoss Drives A/S Dk-6300, Graasten, Denmark Presented by Lucian Asiminoaei

  2. Outline 1. Introduction 2. Harmonic Calculation Toolbox 3. Filter Description and Analysis 4. Validation of the Harmonic Toolbox 5. Design Case 6. Conclusion

  3. 1. Introduction Harmonic facts (in general) - Continued increase of the electrical applications - Increase of the harmonic distortion on the grid - Harmonic limitation standards - Demands for the harmonic calculation reports in design - Assessment of the harmonic emission level - Decision to install a proper mitigation solution Common industrial applications - Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD’s) • - Typical front-end topology: 3-phase rectifier • - Harmonic emission issues • - Solutions to reduce harmonics • • Passive solutions • • Active solutions • • Other type of solutions

  4. 1. Introduction How to compare different mitigation solutions? - Line-reactors, dc-link reactors • - Types of passive filters • - Multi-pulse drives Comparison criteria • - Harmonic indices (ex. ih, THDi, THDv, TDD, PWHD) • - Cost of the equipment and installation • - Maintenance and engineering • - Life time and failure rate

  5. Input parameters required for the harmonic calculation Graphical interface from the harmonic toolbox Danfoss MCT 31. 2. Harmonic Calculation Toolbox The user-interface of the harmonic toolbox • Initially developed for the 6-pulse ASD with only: • • Line reactor (Lac) • • Dc-link reactor (Ldc)

  6. 2. Harmonic Calculation Toolbox Harmonic calculation • - Different methods of modeling: Level I Level II Level III Level IV Ideal (Theoretical) Table Based (Empirical) Analytical (Mathematical) Numerical(Simulated) Accuracy High Low Parameters Many Few The characteristics of the existing toolbox • Simplicity in implementation • Practical-used input parameters • Not used for advanced design • Provides an acceptable accuracy • The actual goals - Integration of the Advance Harmonic Filter

  7. Table Based Approach Simulations Experiments Harmonic currents Analytical Toolbox Development New data for AHF Database Database ih ih Toolbox Usage 6-pulse ASD’s Interpolation Empirical / Table Based Harmonic currents Input parameters Other related harmonic data vh, THDi, THDv, PF, Losses… 2. Harmonic Calculation Toolbox

  8. Principle one-line diagram of the Advance Harmonic Filter 3. Filter description and analysis Advanced Harmonic Filter • A passive harmonic filtering solution • Dedicated for 6-pulse ASD’s (Danfoss) • Reduce the THDi: • • AHF010: THDi=10%, nominal load ASD • • AHF005: THDi= 5%, nominal load ASD Analysis - Initial assumptions: • • sinusoidal voltages • • balanced system • • parameter linearity • Establishing the number of input parameters: • • ac-reactance • • Load • - The results: • • Harmonic currents 6k+1, up to the 50th order ih(AHF+ASD)

  9. Reduction 0% Reduction 90% a=-0.026415, b=0.58113 c=0.30377, k=15.5 3. Filter description and analysis i5/i1 Simulations • • ac-reactance, Lac: • 0% - 25% / ( 1% increment) • • Load: • 10% - 160% / (20% increment) Collecting the results • database for each harmonic current • DataBase(Lac, Load) Minimizing the database • Dominant harmonics: 5th, 7th • Higher Harmonics > 11th(in total: 14 harmonic currents) b) a) Simulated harmonic currents versus load and ac-reactance Lac for the 6-pulse ASD with the AHF. a) 5th harmonic current, b) 11th harmonic current Simulated and estimated 11th harmonic current from the AHF in respect to the load variation.

  10. Input parameters Circuit diagram with the AHF010 connected to the ASD. Comparison of laboratory measurements and harmonic toolbox results. 4. Validation of the toolbox Laboratory experiments • 2 cases for validation: • • ASD alone • • ASD with AHF

  11. Input parameters Circuit diagram of the water pump station. Comparison of measurements and harmonic toolbox results. 5. Case study Case study • - Water pumping station application with ASD • - Only limited data are available

  12. Lac AHF005 AHF010 Toolbox harmonic results with the proposed solutions for the water pumping station. a) Harmonic currents. b) Harmonic voltages. 5. Case study Possible solutions - Intention to minimize the harmonic currents - Investigation of: • additional Lac • AHF010 (10%) • AHF005 (5%) Comparisons of the harmonic indices (THDi and THDv) for the proposed solutions and the actual measurement at full load.

  13. • Investigation of the harmonic currents from a dedicated harmonic filter for ASD • • The currents are expressed as a function of 2 dependencies • • The amount of data is minimized by analytical expressions • • Some initial ideal assumptions are considered • • The achieved data are integrated into an existing harmonic calculation toolbox for 6-pulse ASD • • Comparisons between different harmonic mitigation solutions can be tested • • Such toolbox proves to be of practical use due to the minimum required input parameters 5. Conclusion

  14. Thank You for Attendance! If there are questions? Toolbox download Danfoss VLT MCT 31 Harmonic Calculation Software http://drives.danfoss.com/SW/DDsoftwaredownload/en

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