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Male parents generally DO NOT Contribute cytoplasm to zygotes. SO… mitochondria and chloroplasts are MATERNAL CONTRIBUTIONS. Cytokinesis (Cell Division) - actin microfilaments and Karyokinesis (Nuclear division, including mitosis) -tubulin microtubules.
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Male parents generally DO NOT Contribute cytoplasm to zygotes SO… mitochondria and chloroplasts are MATERNAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Cytokinesis (Cell Division) -actin microfilaments and Karyokinesis (Nuclear division, including mitosis) -tubulin microtubules
Model for organelle division From Dec 2003 Science …..without implications for segregation
If neither copy of 15q11 has paternal imprinting, the result is Prader-Willi syndrome (characterised by hypotonia, obesity, and hypogonadism). If neither copy has maternal imprinting, the result is Angelman syndrome (characterised by epilepsy, tremors, and a perpetually smiling facial expression).
Formula for allele frequency, based on knowledge of genotypes
In 3 allele case, same mathematical treatment p = freq of IB = freq B (IBIB) + ½ freq of B (IBi) + ½ freq of AB (IBIA) q = freq of IA = … r = freq of i = … p + q + r = 1
YET: Populations with different genotypes can have the same allele frequency
BUT, if there are random matings, the genotype frequency of offspring is based on solely on the allele freq. In next generation Hardy-Weinberg (H-W) Law (& Chetverikov)