Experimental Designs

Oct 05, 2012

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Topics. Experimental ValiditySingle Subject Experimental DesignsReview of Designs and Experimental Validity. Learning Objectives (Part I). Experimental ValidityTo review the purpose of experimental researchTo review internal and external validityTo review threats to internal and external valid

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Experimental Designs

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Quasi-Experimental Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs. Quasi-Experimental Designs. Intermediate between correlational study and true experiment. More than a relationship between variables. Low internal validity = cannot determine causality.

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology. Exam 2 coming up 1 week from today Review session Thursday 6:30 DeGarmo 463 Piloting experiments in lab this week. Announcements. Good design example How does anxiety level affect test performance?

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Quasi Experimental Designs

Quasi Experimental Designs. An Alternative to the True Experiment. Characteristics of Quasi-experimental designs. Goals and consequences Basic versus applied research Experimental Control Have manipulation of the independent variable May lack either or both of: Random assignment to groups

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Campbell & Stanley’s (1963) three general types of experimental designs. Pre-experiments Quasi-experiments Full or true experiments. Key concepts.

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Other experimental designs

Other experimental designs. Randomized Block design Latin Square design Repeated Measures design. The Randomized Block Design. Suppose a researcher is interested in how several treatments affect a continuous response variable (Y).

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Experimental designs

Experimental designs. But even this design does not prove causality. I would still use Other methods (triangulation –convergent methods) to explore the Impact of the program on change. Non-experimental pre-experimental quasi-experimental experimental

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Experimental Group Designs

Experimental Group Designs. Group Designs. Simple Group Designs one IV with 2 levels 2 levels can be independent groups (Exp + Cont) 2 levels can be repeated measurements (pre/post) Complex Group Designs one or more IVs factorial designs more than 2 levels on the IV more than 1 DV

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Experimental designs

Experimental designs. Between- / Within-subjects . Between-subjects design Each partcipant takes part in 1 experimental condition Analysis of differences between groups of participants from different conditions Within-subjects design Subjects take part in all conditions

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Day 1: Randomized Comparative Design and the Energy Drink Experiment. What’s wrong with this experiment?.

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Quasi-Experimental Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs . Slides Prepared by Alison L. O’Malley. Passer Chapter 11 . Quasi-Experimentation . Quasi-experiments resemble experiments, but lack experimental control

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EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS. Criteria for Experiments Independent, Dependent, and Confounding Variables Types of Experimental Designs Threats to Internal Validity Threats to External Validity. Criteria For Experimental Designs. Cause: experimenter manipulates a variable

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Single IV Designs. The basic two-group design. Independent Variable. Condition 1. Condition 2. Single IV Designs. Independent groups Randomly assigned to groups Kasser and Sheldon (2000). Mortality salience. Music. Single IV Designs. Nonequivalent groups

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Part 2: Mixed Design and Repeated Measures. Experimental Design Names. The name of an experimental design depends on three pieces of information The number of independent variables The number of levels of each independent variable The kind of independent variable

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Non-Experimental designs

Non-Experimental designs. Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology. Sometimes you just can ’ t perform a fully controlled experiment Because of the issue of interest Limited resources (not enough subjects, observations are too costly, etc). Surveys Correlational Quasi-Experiments

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Classifying Experimental Designs. Observations in a study can be divided into two components: Signal : The key variable—the construct you’re trying to measure Noise : All random factors in the situation that make it harder to see the signal. Observation. Signal.

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. 0 = measurement of dependent variable x = manipulation of independent variable R = random assignment of subjects E = change in dependent variable due to independent variable. After-only. X O 1. One Group, Before-After. O 1 X O 2. Before-After with Control Group.

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Introduction Probabilistic Equivalence Experimental Designs (1) Two-group Pre-test Post-test Solomon Four-Group Covariance Switching Replication Experimental Designs (2) Factorial Designs Randomized Block Designs Supporting Concepts ( Noise & Signal metaphor ).

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Non-Experimental designs

Non-Experimental designs. Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology. Mean = 76 Max = 94 Min = 48. Exam 2. Most common area of errors between/within manipulations interactions/main effects validity/reliability

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Experimental designs

Experimental designs. The strongest of the research designs. Image: www.freeimages.co.uk. Categories of research. Quantitative Involves numerical data that result from taking measurements on subjects Is objective Deductive reasoning

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Experimental Designs

Experimental Designs. Experiments are conducted to identify how independent variables influence some change in a dependent variable. Researcher-Related Threats to Internal Validity. Experimenter Effect Observer Bias Researcher Attribute Effect.

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Non-Experimental designs

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EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS. Categories. Lab experiments Experiments done in artificial or contrived environment Field experiments Experiments done in natural environment in which activities regularly takes place. Lab Experiment. Control

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