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Don Yeomans NASA/JPL

Near-Earth Objects Finding Them Before They Find Us. Don Yeomans NASA/JPL. 2. What are Near-Earth Objects?. Comet Hartley 2, Nov. 4, 2010. Comets (Weak and very black icy dirt balls) Weak collection of talcum-powder sized silicate dust

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Don Yeomans NASA/JPL

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  1. Near-Earth Objects Finding Them Before They Find Us Don Yeomans NASA/JPL

  2. 2 What are Near-Earth Objects? Comet Hartley 2, Nov. 4, 2010 • Comets (Weak and very black icy dirt balls) • Weak collection of talcum-powder sized silicate dust • About 30% ices (mostly water ice) just below surface dust. CO2 ices also present further below surface. • Fairly recent resurfacing and few impact craters • Asteroids (run the gamut from wimpy ex-comet fluff balls to slabs of iron • Most are shattered fragments of larger asteroids • Rubble rock piles - like Itokawa • Shattered (but coherent) rock - like Eros • Solid rock • Solid slabs of iron like Meteor crater object Itokawa Itokawa

  3. 1800 1800 3 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  4. 1800 1800 1900 4 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  5. 1800 1800 1900 1950 5 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  6. 1800 1800 1900 1950 1990 6 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  7. 1800 1800 1900 1950 1990 1999 7 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  8. 2012 The Inner Solar System in 2006 • Known • 600,000 • minor planets • 9450 NEOs • 1350 PHAs 1800 1800 1900 1950 1990 1999 Scott Manley 8 History of Known NEO Population Earth Crossing Outside Earth’s Orbit Armagh Observatory

  9. 9 The Importance of Near-Earth Asteroids • Science • Future Space Resources • Exploration • Planetary Defense

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  11. 11 Human Accessible Targets

  12. 12 JPL’s SENTY NEO Risk Page http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/risk/

  13. LINEAR 13 NASA’s NEO Observation Program NEO-WISE Pan-STARRS Catalina Sky Survey

  14. Radar Studies 14 Goldstone, CA Arecibo, Puerto Rico Study of Shape, Size, Motion and mass of near-Earth object 66391 (1999 KW4) Shape, Size of 6489 Golevka

  15. 15 NASA’s NEO Program Office at JPL • Automatic orbit updates • Are any of the NEOs a threat? • Relational database • Study deflection strategies • Additional Information • Impact warnings & outreach • http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/asteroidwatch/ • Widget available giving next 5 Earth close approaches • NEO Program Office: http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/

  16. 16 Recent NEO Program Office Activities • Human Exploration Target Body Identification • Which NEAs are desirable RT mission targets? • When are they next observable (optical & radar)? • Deflection mission study for asteroid 2011 AG5 IP = 1/500 for Feb. 5, 2040 • Educational site for designing asteroid deflection missions.

  17. 17 2011 AG5

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  20. 20 Near-Earth Asteroid Apophis Predicted Close Approach of Apophis (~270m Object) on April 13, 2029 CLOSE-UP VIEW Geosynchronous Orbit

  21. 21 Near-Earth Asteroid 2012 DA14 in Feb. 2013

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  23. 23 Asteroid 2012 DA14 February 15, 2013 2012 DA14

  24. 24 Deep ImpactComet Tempel 1 on July 4, 2005

  25. 25 Comet ISON

  26. 26 Observing Comet ISON

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