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This guide covers essential wave topics for transitioning from GCSE to AS level, including reflection, refraction, types of waves, wave definitions, and light properties like color perception. Learn wave basics and definitions with examples and explanations.
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Waves – from GCSE What you need to know before you move into AS waves
Light Rays • Can be reflected off materials • Can be refracted by passing from a materials of one density into another material of a different density • Travel in straight lines at 3 x 10 8 m/s • Can show total internal reflection which is used in optic fibres
Wave Definitions • Waves transfer energy • There are two types of waves – transverse and longitudinal • You need to know the definitions of wavelength, frequency, amplitude and speed
Wave Definitions • Frequency f is the number of waves that occur every second. • It is measured in Hertz Hz • The Period T of a wave is how long it takes for one wave to occur (measured in seconds) • F = 1/T
Wave Definitions - speed • Speed = frequency x wavelength • V = f λ
Light • Visible light waves are the only electromagnetic waves we can see. We see these waves as the colors of the rainbow. Each color has a different wavelength. Red has the longest wavelength and violet has the shortest wavelength. When all the waves are seen together, they make white light.
