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Introduction to XML Namespaces

Introduction to XML Namespaces. Web Engineering , SS 2007 Tomáš Pitner. XML Namespaces – Why?. Part of the core XML standards family Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Second Edition) W3C Recommendation 16 August 2006 Mean enabling mixing more markups within one document

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Introduction to XML Namespaces

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  1. Introduction to XML Namespaces Web Engineering, SS 2007 Tomáš Pitner

  2. XML Namespaces – Why? • Part of the core XML standards family • Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Second Edition) • W3C Recommendation 16 August 2006 • Mean enabling mixing more markups within one document • XHTML with SVG (graphics) fragments • XHTML with MathML (math notation) fragments • Each NS is uniquely identified by its URI

  3. XML Namespaces – What? • XML NS logically distinguishes so-called namespaces that apply to nodes in the doc • For each NS, a separate schema (markup) may be defined / usually XML Schema, Relax NG… • Not compatible with DTD – if namespaces are used, only limited use of DTD is possible • NS applies only to elements and attributes

  4. XML Namespaces – Default • Default namespace • Applies just to elements without prefix • declared by xmlns=“URI” in the element or its ancestor • always the nearest declaration applies! • example: • <partyxmlns="http://www.austria.gv.at/ns/1.0“url="http://www.spoe.at“>SPÖ</party>

  5. XML Namespaces – Prefixed • Prefixed namespace • applies to elements and attributes with the prefix • declared by xmlns:prefix=“URI” in the element or its ancestor • always the nearest declaration applies! • example: • <breg:partyxmlns:breg="http://www.austria.gv.at/ns/1.0“url="http://www.spoe.at“>SPÖ</party>

  6. XMLNamespace Example (prefixed) namespace declaration <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <staff organization="Bundesregierung xmlns:breg=“http://www.austria.gv.at/ns/1.0" xmlns="http://generic-ns.org/ns/1.0"> <person id="agu"> <name>Alfred Gusenbauer</name> <breg:party url="http://www.spoe.at">SPÖ</breg:party> </person> <person id="wmo"> <name>Wilhelm Molterer</name> <breg:party url="http://www.oevp.at">ÖVP</breg:party> </person> </staff> default namespace declaration element person is in the namespace http://generic-ns.org/ns/1.0 attributeurlis NOT in ANY namespace prefix element party is in the namespace http://www.austria.gv.at/ns/1.0

  7. XML Namespaces – Resources • The Specification on W3C • http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/ • ZVON XMLNS Tutorial • http://www.zvon.org/xxl/NamespaceTutorial/Output/index.html • W3Schools • http://www.w3schools.com/xml/xml_namespaces.asp

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