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Comparison of Major Counselling Approaches

Comparison of Major Counselling Approaches. Yvette Zuppiger 2 nd Sem MSc Cli . Psychology. Major Counselling Approaches. Affective approaches : Client Centered Therapy Gestalt Therapy Existential Therapy Cognitive Approaches : Rational Emotive Therapy Transactional Analysis

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Comparison of Major Counselling Approaches

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  1. Comparison of Major Counselling Approaches Yvette Zuppiger 2ndSem MSc Cli. Psychology

  2. Major Counselling Approaches • Affective approaches : • Client Centered Therapy • Gestalt Therapy • Existential Therapy • Cognitive Approaches : • Rational Emotive Therapy • Transactional Analysis • Trait-Factor Counselling • Behaviouristic Approaches : • Behavioural Counselling • Reality Therapy

  3. View of Human Nature • Similarities : • The individual is capable of changing or being changed • Conflicts or unsolved problems are undesirable • Influence of future on present behaviour • Differences : • Client Centered Therapy – individuals are basically good, rational and self actualizing • Behaviouristic Therapy – Humans are neither good nor bad. Behaviour is a result of environmental reinforcement

  4. Key Concepts • Affective approaches – Emphasize internal focus of the individual • Client centered therapy views individuals as positive • Gestalt therapy focuses on need to strive for wholeness (integration of thinking, feeling and behaving). Key concept is awareness • Existential therapy focuses on nature of human condition (capacity for self awareness, freedom of choice to decide own fate etc)

  5. Cognitive approaches – emphasize thinking process rather than feeling and experiencing • Rational Emotive Therapy emphasizes that emotions are products of human thinking. • Transactional Analysis emphasizes utilization of three distinct pattern of ego states : Parent, Adult and Child. • Behavioural approaches – emphasize socio-cultural conditioning process • Behavioural counselling is characterized by: • Focus on overt behaviour • Precision and spelling out of treatment goals • Objective assessment of outcome of therapy

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