Artwork by Tanya Young

1. Deep-Ocean Stewardship Initiative Artwork by Tanya Young

2. Inaugural Meeting April 15-17, 2013 Mexico City Deep-Ocean Stewardship Initiative Leads: L. Levin (SIO, USA), E. Escobar (UNAM, Mexico), M. Baker (University of Southampton, UK), K. Gjerde (IUCN, Poland) Steering Committee: Jeff Ardron (IASS, Potsdam, GERMANY), Tony Koslow (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, USA), Kathryn Mengerink (Environmental Law Institute, USA), LenaickMenot (IFREMER, FRANCE), Christian Neumann (GRID- ARENDAL, NORWAY), Linwood Pendleton (Duke University, USA), Eva Ramirez Llodra (Institut de Ciències del Mar,CSIC, SPAIN), Craig Smith (University of Hawaii, USA), Tracey Sutton (Nova Oceanographic Center, USA), Andrew Sweetman (IRI, Stavanger, NORWAY), VerenaTunnicliffe (Univ. Victoria, CANADA), Cindy Van Dover (Duke University, USA), A. Rowden (New Zealand) Ursula Witte (University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK), Hiroyuki Yamamoto (JAMSTEC, JAPAN)

3. DOSI is envisioned as gathering expertise across disciplines, jurisdictions and industrial sectors to foster discussion, provide guidance and facilitate communication. Mission Statement DOSI seeks to integrate science, technology, policy, law and economics to advise on ecosystem-based management of resource use in the deep ocean and strategies to maintain the integrity of deep-ocean ecosystems within and beyond national jurisdictions http://www.indeep-project.org/deep-ocean-stewardship-initiative

4. Working Groups • WG 1- Identify and develop comprehensive, ecosystem-based management practices for deep-ocean environments subject to human extraction, harvest, disposal and contamination. (Lead C. Smith) • WG 2- Define and address knowledge gaps relevant to effective deep-sea stewardship. Insure representation of the deep sea in global ocean assessments and environmental governance and management. (Koslow, Baker) • WG 3- Develop criteria for deep-sea institutional and corporate social responsibility: Transparency, compliance and industry engagement (Ardron, Holthus) • WG 4- Strengthen capacity, provide training, and raise public awareness of current opportunities and impacts associated with human activities in the deep sea. (Neumann) • WG 5- Provide guidance on access, benefit sharing and conservation of genetic resources in ABNJ. (Escobar, Gjerde) • WG 6- Communication and networking: Provide a centralized location for information about ongoing deep-sea stewardship activities across multiple sectors, jurisdictions and disciplines. (Baker, Levin) • WG 7- Promote responsible and sustainable deep-sea fisheries (Watling, Nouvian, Gianni)

5. Provide Guidance • US National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan • Global Ocean Commission Brief • Deep Ocean Observing System (DOOS in GOOS) http://ioc-goos.org/DeepOcean • Contribute to Survey on Marine Genetic Resources • Contribute to ISA Stakeholder Survey • Defining “Significance” in Environmental Impact Assessment for Deep-sea Mining. SIO March 26-28, 2014 • DOSI Statement to ISA regarding research needs • NSF National Priorities/ Programmatic recommendations

6. Activities to raise awareness • Oceans 2013 – Panel Discussion on Research and Technology Needs for Stewardship of the Deep Sea (San Diego, USA, 25 Sept 2013) • UN African Union Delegation for PEW on High Seas Biodiversity (New York, 18 Nov 2013) • Duke University/NOAA Briefing (Washington DC, 12 Dec 2013) • AAAS Deep-Ocean Industrialization - Press Briefing and Symposium (Chicago, USA 16 Feb 2014) • Ocean Sciences Meeting–Deep Oceans Under Pressure – A Stewardship Opportunity • Hawaii, 23-28 Feb 2014) • The Economist meeting (California, USA,24 Feb 2014) • MIDAS Impact Assessment- London March 2014 • 3rd International Marine Conservation Congress – Panel on high-seas governance and science/policy interface (Glasgow, Scotland, 14-18 August) • World Conference on Marine Biodiversity:Anthropogenic Impacts Session (Qingdao, China, 12-16 Oct 2014) • 3d International Symposium on "Effects of climate change on the world's oceans" • (Santos, Brazil, 2015)

7. Proposed Workshops • Towards a Strategic Environmental Assessment of mineral mining along the mid-Atlantic ridge (massive sulfides and cobalt crusts) (L. Menot, A. Colacao) • Multi-disciplinary workshop to develop an environmental management strategy for The Area. Brief sent to the International Seabed Authority Legal and Technical Commission/ Ocean Foundation requesting support for a ( C. Van Dover et al.) • Deep-sea Economic tools and cost-benefit analysis with a focus on fisheries and mining (D. Squires)

8. Deep-Ocean Compilations • Deep-sea videos online searchable listing(please contact Maria Baker with any future additions) • Deep-sea Stewardship – Contact Organizations (188) • Webinars • Deep-Ocean Biodiversity Challenges in the 21st Century: Archived at http://oceanmysteries.readytalk.com/?p=r; • Deep-Sea Governance, Science and Industrializationhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5fy1oLr_sc&feature=youtu.be • Interactive discussions to coordinate deep-ocean stewardship efforts (Moderator – L. Pendleton) • Online Courses • Deep-sea Ecology and Stewardship (35 lectures)

9. SIGN UP FOR DOSI Send an email to Majordomo@lists.soton.ac.uk (leave subject line EMPTY and type “subscribe dosi-alert” in the main body of the email. Remove all signatures or any other text from the email. You will then receive an automated confirmation email from DOSI.

10. Toward a Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS) part of GOOS Eric Lindstrom (Co-Chair GOOS Steering Committee) GOOS Web Series March 20,2014 • Advisory Team • Climate and Physical Observations Carbon, Biogeochemistry Observations • Gregory C. Johnson TosteTanhua • Patrick HeimbachRik Wanninkhof • Bernadette Sloyan • Biodiversity and Ecosystem Observations • Antje Boetius • Lisa Levin • MyriamSibuet DOOS Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

11. Developing a Scientific Strategy for the Societal Challenge of Deep Ocean Observation Deep Ocean Observing Strategy • Deep ocean observation is a science and technology challenge addressing the grand societal issues of climate change adaptation, ecosystem conservation and sustainable resource management • We must communicate the need for deep ocean observation and infrastructure to stakeholders (science communities, funding agencies, industry, NGOs) • Highlight the need for disciplinary breadth – physics/climate, biogeochemistry, biodiversity/ecosystem, geophysics – and interdisciplinary tasks (Earth sciences meet economics and sociology) • Use innovative observation technologies, and take maximum advantage of existing observing networks. • Formulate a global strategy for deep ocean from component elements (SOOS, OceanSites, Euro, USA, Japan, etc) Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

12. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Objective and Approach • Objective: • Develop a common statement of requirements and an initial strategy for sustained global deep ocean observations; considering all Essential Ocean Variables, regions, and technologies so as to extract high priority and feasible actions for the next 5-10 years. • Approach: • Catalyze coordination among existing efforts and use the Framework for Ocean Observing as our strategic guide. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

13. Capability for Sustained Observing (Examples) Deep Ocean Observing Strategy • Existing: • Ship-based repeat hydrography and other deep hydrography • platform for many variables • Moored arrays (timeseries) • Cabled Observatories • Potential: • Deep Argo • Deep gliders • Moored water sampling • Argon-39 as tracer Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

14. Developing DOOS via the Framework for Ocean Observing Deep Ocean Observing Strategy • Framework Structure: Used to coordinate the writing team activities • Readiness Levels: Are used to assess the fitness-for-purpose as related to the EOVs and associated observations and data products • Community Organization: Oversight Panels, Expert Panels, and Implementation Teams will be used to facilitate conversation related to requirements, observations, and data products needs going forward Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

15. MOTIVATION: Societal Conventions and Science Challenges Deep Ocean Observing Strategy • Societal Conventions • UNFCCC: Climate Variability and Change • CBD: Marine and Coastal Biodiversity • UNCLOS/Law of the Sea: Common Heritage • of Mankind • Science Challenges: • Climate and Physical Community • Understanding Heat & Freshwater Transports • Understanding Mass Transports • Closure of the Earth’s Energy Budget • Understand the Global Fresh Water Balance • Understand Global & Regional Sea Level • Deep Ocean Mixing & Fluxes in Heat and Salinity • Carbon and Biogeochemistry Community • Determine the Anthropogenic Carbon Load • Determine the Strength of Ocean Ventilation • Assess the sources and sinks for potential greenhouse gases • Biodiversity and Ecosystems Community • Exploration and Observation • Prediction of Future Biological Responses • Understand the Functioning of Deep Sea Ecosystems • Understanding the Roles and Relationships • of Ecosystem and Ecosystem Engineers Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

16. Color Coded Readiness Levelsfor essential ocean variables (EOVs)

17. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Articulation of EOVs and Measurement Requirements Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science EOVs: Chlorophyll/Surface Productivity Element fluxes Remineralization Rates Secondary Productivity Abundance and diversity of organisms Trophic Interactions Physiological Adaptation Functional Diversity Community Turnover Habitat Dimension Evolutionary Context Community Structure Carbon and Biogeochemistry Science EOVs: Inorganic: C of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (Alkalinity, PCO2, pH) Inorganic Nutrients Dissolved Oxygen Organic:DOM POM DOC Physical and Climate Science EOVs: Sea Level Temperature Salinity Transient Tracers: CFC, SF, C14 Velocity/Ocean Currents Transient Tracer: Argon-39 Ocean Bottom Pressure Geothermal flux Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

18. Implementation of Observations Deployment and Maintenance Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Physical, Climate EOVs Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

19. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Implementation of Observations Deployment and Maintenance Carbon, Biogeochemistry EOVs Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

20. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Implementation of Observations Deployment and Maintenance Ecosystem, Biodiversity EOVs Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

21. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Creation of Data and Information Products Physical and Carbon and Biodiversity and Climate EOVs Biogeochemistry EOVs Ecosystem EOVs • Observations • Ship-based • Moorings • Deep Argo • Deep Gliders • ROVs/Submersibles • Cabled Observatories • Habitat Laboratories • Periodical Biological Sampling • Satellites • Models/ • Models/ Data Assimilation • Data Policy • Delivery/Dissemination (Near Real-time) • Quality (QA/QC Requirements) • Archives • Products Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean

22. Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Deep Ocean Observing Strategy Consultative Draft: www.ioc-goos.org/deepocean