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FOR 201 Microcomputer applications

FOR 201 Microcomputer applications. Introduction. Lecture Contents. FOR 201 Digital world Digital devices Personal computers Microprocessors Memory and storage devices Input and output devices Digital data representation. FOR 201. Introduction to computers and internet

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FOR 201 Microcomputer applications

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  1. FOR201Microcomputer applications Introduction

  2. Lecture Contents • FOR 201 • Digital world • Digital devices • Personal computers • Microprocessors • Memory and storage devices • Input and output devices • Digital data representation

  3. FOR 201 • Introduction to computers and internet • Introduction to MS Office and Open Office • Prerequisites: none • Lectures days: Tuesday and Thursday • Lecture time: 8:00 – 9:50 • Classroom: LH 2 • Instructor: Bogdan Strimbu

  4. FOR 201 Details • Grading • 4 exams • No GRADED assignments • More than a dozen of assignments • Attendance: roll taken every class • Academic Honor code • Special accommodations • No tobacco products in the class

  5. Dracula – the true story

  6. Digital world

  7. Digital world • World is represented using discrete values • Simplest digital system: 0 and 1 • Digital intelligence • Digital physics • Digital art

  8. Digital devices • Personal computers and servers • Supercomputers • Phones • IPods and portable players • PDA

  9. Personal computers A computer is a multipurpose device • accepts input • processes data and stores data • produces output

  10. Computer Basics • Input - whatever is typed, submitted, or transmitted to computer • Output - the result produced by computer • Data - symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas • Computers manipulate data in many ways, and this manipulation is called processing

  11. Computer Basics • Memory - area of computer that TEMPORARILY holds data waiting to be processed • Storage - the area where data can be left on a PERMANENT basis • File - collection of data that exists on a storage medium (permanent) • Program - series of instructions that tells a computer how to carry out tasks

  12. Computer Basics • Application software - set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task • system software – set of programs with the primary purpose of helping the computer to monitor itself in order to function efficiently • Operating systems: DOS, LINUX, WINDOWS

  13. Digital Data Representation • Data Representation Basics • Representing Numbers, Text, and Pictures • Quantifying Bits and Bytes

  14. Data Representation • Data representation refers to the form in which data is stored, processed, and transmitted • Digital devices work with distinct and separate data • Analog devices work with continuous data

  15. Representing numbers • Digitizing - the process of converting analog data into digital format • Numeric data • Decimal system (0, 1, .., 9) • Binary system (0 and 1)

  16. Operationswithbinarydigits 0 → 0 1 → 1 2 → 10 3 → 11 8 → 1000 8 + 3 = 11→ 1000 + 11 = 1011 25 + 25 = 50 → 11001+11001 = 110010 25 x 3 = 25+25+25 = 75 → 11001+11001+11001 = 1001011

  17. Binary multiplication detailed 1 0 1 1 (A) A=11 in decimal system × 1 0 1 0 (B) B=10 in decimal system --------------- 0 0 0 0 ← Corresponds to 0 in B + 1 0 1 1 ← Corresponds to 1 in B + 0 0 0 0 + 1 0 1 1 --------------- 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

  18. Binary multiplication - advanced 1 0 1.1 0 1 (A) (5.625 in decimal) × 1 1 0.0 1 (B) (6.25 in decimal) -------------- 1 0 1 1 0 1 ← Corresponds to 1 in B + 0 0 0 0 0 0 ← Corresponds to 0 in B + 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 1 0 1 1 0 1 + 1 0 1 1 0 1 --------------------------- = 1 0 0 0 1 1.0 0 1 0 1 (35.15625 in decimal)

  19. Representing text • Character data: ASCII, Extended ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode

  20. Representingimages

  21. Quantifying size: Bits and Bytes • Bit = binary digit taking a value of 0 or 1 • Example: 10010111 is 8 bits long = byte • 1 byte maximum value = 28 = 256 →0 to 255

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