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Adaptations in the Marine Biome

Adaptations in the Marine Biome. Adaptations to the Marine Biome. Over time, organisms in the oceans have developed adaptations in order to survive. These include… Transfer of gases Protection Sensation Communication Reproduction. Adaptations: Exchange of Gases.

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Adaptations in the Marine Biome

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  1. Adaptations in the Marine Biome

  2. Adaptations to the Marine Biome • Over time, organisms in the oceans have developed adaptations in order to survive. • These include… • Transfer of gases • Protection • Sensation • Communication • Reproduction

  3. Adaptations: Exchange of Gases • Deep Sea Worms – exchange gases directly through their bodies • Plants – exchange O2 for CO2 through specialized openings in their leaves • Vertebrates – exchange CO2 for O2 through specialized organ systems

  4. Examples of Plant Adaptations • Kelp (sea weed) – • Holdfast • Root like structure to anchor the plant the ocean floor • Not for absorbing nutrients • Gas Bladders • Bubble-like structures filled with air • Allow the plant to float at the surface of the water • Stoma • Opening where gases are exchanged between the plant and the environment

  5. Examples of Animal Adaptations • Lifts anemones onto its shell so that anemone provides protection • The anemone can feed on the crabs leftovers • Hermit Crabs • Live inside the shells of others for protection • Sea Anemone • Have special stinging cells for attack and protection • have a muscular disk that helps them cling to rocks • withstand the force of crashing waves Click image

  6. Adaptation: Protection • Coloration – • Camouflage • Chemical – • Bitter tasting • Poisonous • Elusion – • Speed • Large numbers

  7. Detection of Prey Sharks and Rays Have electroreceptors on their snouts that help them detect prey hiding on the ocean bottom Jelly Fish Do not have brains Do have “nerve nets” Can sense touch Adaptation: Senses Click image

  8. Adaptation: Communication • Deep Sea Creatures • Bioluminescence provides a way for creature of the deep to communicate • Dolphins • Vocalize using clicks and squeaks Click image Click image

  9. Adaptation Review • What does “Bioluminescence” mean? • Bio - • Lumin- • Like the hold fast of the kelp, a sea anemone has developed a strong foot, pedal disk. What is the similar function that both of these different structures share?

  10. Asexual Reproduction Three types Budding Regeneration Cell division Sexual Reproduction One type Binary Fusion Reproduction in the Ocean

  11. Heredity Cell Division Binary Fusion • Asexual Reproduction • 1 parent cell • Offspring has identical genetic material as the parent • Results in uniform offspring that is a clone of the parent • Sexual Reproduction • 2 parent cells • Offspring contain ½ the genetic material from each parent • Results in diverse individuals

  12. Asexual Reproduction • Regeneration – • Ability to re-grow body parts that have been damaged or removed Click image

  13. Asexual Reproduction • Budding – • Reproduction of an organism in which the offspring grows as part of the parent and then splits off. Click image View the cells on the bottom of the video towards the left of center

  14. Asexual Reproduction • Cell division – • Cell reproduces its genetic material and then splits into two genetically identical cells. Click image

  15. Sexual Reproduction • Binary Fusion – • Cells from two different parents combine to create one genetically different individual Click image

  16. Clarification: Only the head of the sperm enters the egg Eggs do not have doors Sperm do not carry suitcases with genetic material Sperm swim around until they find an egg or die Most sperm never find an egg Only one sperm will enter the egg

  17. Reproduction Review • What are the three types of asexual reproduction? • How many parents are involved with each type? • Which type allows organisms to re-grow lost or damaged body parts? • How does the new organism compare to the parent genetically? • How many parents are involved in sexual reproduction? • How does the new organism compare to the parents genetically?

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