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Perception & Sensation Role in Environmental Understanding

Learn how sensation provides vital information to the brain about the physical environment, while perception helps interpret sensory input effectively. Explore vision, hearing, other senses, and the laws of sensory perception.

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Perception & Sensation Role in Environmental Understanding

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  1. Chapter 4SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Section 1:Sensation and Perception: The Basics Section 2:Vision Section 3:Hearing Section 4:Other Senses Section 5:Perception

  2. Chapter 4 Section 1: Sensation and Perception: The Basics Question: In what ways do sensation and perception contribute to an understanding of our environment? SENSATION AND PERCEPTION CONTRIBUTE TO AN UNDERSTANDING OF OUR ENVIRONMENT • Sensation provides information to the central nervous system about the physical environment • Perception is the process through which people interpret sensory stimulation

  3. Chapter 4 Section 2: Vision Question: How does the eye enable vision? THE EYE AND VISION • Light enters the eye and then is projected onto a surface • The amount of light that enters the eye is determined by the size of the pupil which adjusts automatically to the amount of light entering the eye • Once light enters the eye, it encounters the lens which adjusts to the distance of objects by changing its thickness

  4. Chapter 4 Section 2: Vision Question: How does the eye enable vision? THE EYE AND VISION (continued) • These changes project a clear image of the object onto the retina, which consists of neurons that are sensitive to the light called photoreceptors • Once the light hits the photoreceptors, a nerve carries the visual input into the brain where the information is relayed to the visual area of the occipital lobe

  5. Chapter 4 Section 3: Hearing Question: How does the ear perceive sound? HOW THE EAR PERCEIVES SOUND • Sound enters the outer ear and is funneled to the eardrum • Inside the middle ear, the hammer, anvil, and stirrup vibrate, transmitting the sound to the inner ear • Within the brain, auditory input is projected onto the hearing areas of the cerebral cortex

  6. Chapter 4 Section 4: Other Senses Question: What are the chemical, skin, and body senses? CHEMICAL, SKIN, AND BODY SENSES • Smell – allows a person to taste • Taste – sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and umami (meaty or savory) • Skin senses of pressure, temperature, and pain • Vestibular and kinesthetic body senses

  7. Chapter 4 Section 5: Perception Question: What are the laws of sensory perception? LAWS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION • Closure – the tendency to perceive a complete or whole figure even when there are gaps in what your senses tell you • Figure-ground perception – the perception of a figure against a background • Proximity – the tendency to group together visual and auditory events that are near each other

  8. Chapter 4 Section 5: Perception Question: What are the laws of sensory perception? LAWS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION (continued) • Similarity – thinking of similar objects as belonging together • Continuity – the tendency to group stimuli into continuous patterns

  9. Chapter 4 Question: What are the five types of sensation? Senses Body Senses Vision Hearing Smell Touch Taste

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