PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS

1. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS Ahmet ERSOY Occupational Health and Safety Expert Occupational Health and Safety Institute

3. Personal Protective Equipments(General information about PPE) • Hearing • Sight • Foot • Respiratory • Head • Hand • Body

4. Responsibilities of workers • Employers must protect employees from hazards such as falling objects, harmful substances, and noise exposures that can cause injury, • Employers must: • Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards • Use personal protective equipment (PPE) if the controls don’t eliminate the hazards. • PPE is the last level of control!

5. Personal Protective Equipments • People used kinds of PPE during history. • For example: Knights-armor Cowboys – leather leggings

6. What is PPE? PPE is defined as any device or appliance designed to be worn or held by an individual for protection against one or more health and safety hazards;

7. If . . . The work environment can be physically changed to prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard, Then . . . The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control.

8. Engineering Controls Examples . . . Initial design specifications Substitute less harmful material Change process Enclose process Isolate process

9. Responsibilities • Employer • Assess workplace for hazards • Provide PPE • Determine when to use • Provide PPE training for employees and instruction in proper use • Employee • Use PPE in accordance with training received and other instructions • Inspect daily and maintain in a clean and reliable condition

10. PPE Program Includes procedures for selecting, providing and using PPE First -- assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of PPE After selecting PPE, provide training to employees who are required to use it

11. Training Why it is necessary How it will protect them What are its limitations When and how to wear How to identify signs of wear How to clean and disinfect What is its useful life & how is it disposed

12. Legislation 4857 Labour Law (10.06.2003) Occupational Health and Safety Issues ( 77 - 89 ) Article77. –Employers have to take all the measures for occupational health and safety and have to supply all tools and devices ; workers are responsible to comply this measures.

13. DIRECTIVE 89/686/EEC DIRECTIVE 89/686/EEC IS A “NEW APPROACH” DIRECTIVE THE DIRECTIVE DEFINES “BASIC REQUIREMENTS”

14. PURPOSE OF THE PPE REGULATION Regulating the procedures and principles in relation to the production, importation, placing on the market, putting into service and control of ppes used for the protection of human health and safety as well as in relation to the users’ and third persons’ safety of life and property against hazards.

15. PPEs THAT ARE NOT WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS REGULATION a) equipment that is specifically used by members of security forces and the army (helmets, shıelds, etc.), b) equipment used for self-defense (sprays), c) adverse atmospherıc conditıons (caps, shoes and clothes), d) against getting wet (dish washing gloves), heat (gloves), e) helmets and eye fenders designed for drivers of two- or three-wheel vehicles.

16. PPE REGULATION (CE) Official Gazette: 09.02.2004 / 25368 89/686/EEC All the PPE’ s produced and sold have to have CE marking. Requirements of CE markings are determined with this regulation. 09.02.2005 started to be implemented.

17. BASIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS OFPPE REGULATION GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS REQUIRED IN ALL PPEs: SHOULD BE ERGONOMIC Levels and classes of protection should be identified Should provide comfort and effectivity Should be light and durable Should contain information to be supplied by the manifacturer The PPEitself should not cause hazards, should be harmless

18. CE Marking French abbreviation for “Conformité Européene.” Mandatory design review and risk identification and mitigation process. Minimizes product risks to humans, animals, the environment.

19. CE Marking

20. CE Marking The European Union (EU) developed CEmarking to harmonize product safety andhealth concerns in order to promote trade within the EU. Before CE marking, manufacturers had to comply with multiple, and often inconsistent, national product compliance systems. CE marking is managed by Directorate General Enterprise, a body in the European Commission.

21. CE Marking

22. GUIDELINE FOR CATEGORIZATION ACCORDING TO THEIR RISKS Category-0:Equipment not recognized as ppes. for example, equipment intended for defence Category-1:Provides protection against low-level risks. these are simple equipment. for example, eye protectors and work clothes used in environments wıth +50°c temperature Category-2:All protectıve clothes. helmets and hearing protectors Category-3:Provides protection against high-level risks. for example, fall arrest equipment is of this group.

23. WHAT IS A SAFE PRODUCT? A PRODUCT WHICH DOES NOT POSE RISK IN NORMAL PERIOD OF USE AND UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS, OR THAT POSE RISK AT AN ACCEPTABLE LEVEL, AND THAT MEETS THE BASIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS SUCH AS PROTECTING PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL, PLANT AND ANIMAL EXISTENCE.

24. HOW IS THE SAFETY OF A PRODUCT IS ASSESSED? A PRODUCT THAT: CONFORMS TO ITS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS, CONFORMS TO THE STANDARDS THAT REFER TO THE NEW APPROACH LEGISLATION THAT REQUIRES CE MARKING IS RECOGNIZED AS SAFE.

25. CE MARKING IS NOT A QUALITY BUT SAFETY MARKING. CE ASSURANCE

26. CERTIFICATION Category I Simple Design Category II Category III Complex Design Technical File EC Type Examination EC Quality Control System for End Product Product Quality Investigation System EC Declaration of Conformity 0312

27. USERS MANUAL a.Producer’s or accredited representative’s name and adress Information about using ,cleaning, maintenance, repair, storage, disinfection, of PPE Protection level and performance test results that belong to PPE, d. Useful life for PPE e. Packaging type for appropriate transport f. Meanings of marking (ideogram ,pictogram etc) , g. Standart referance number(if needed) h. Notified bodie’s name, address, identity number

28. HEAD PROTECTION

29. HEAD PROTECTION Head protection is required whenever there in a danger of being hit in the head from flying or propelled objects or falling objects or materials. Bumping head against objects, such as pipes or beams. Contact with exposed electrical wiring or components.

30. HEAD PROTECTION • It shows endurance against hits, • It averts shock hits, • It shows nonconductive (insulating) property against electrical shocks, • It shows protective property against chemicals for head and shoulders. • How it protect you?

31. HEAD PROTECTION USING OF HELMET • Helmets should be used at all zones except office area.It is imperative. • Helmets should be worn facing front of the trenches. • To ensure full protection of helmetsper fully fit your needs. • Each day before inserting your helmets,you should check against cracks. • Holes should not be opened on the helmets.

32. HEAD PROTECTION Maintenance of helmets: • Under normal conditions, your helmets protect you for 2 or 3 years. • Helmets should be cleaned periodically (at leastonce a month ) • To clean helmets; Hold in soapy warm water for 5-10 minutes Rinse with clean waterDry • Corrosive substances and chemical solvents should not be used for cleaning the helmets.

34. EYE PROTECTION

35. Eye Protection - Why It’s Needed • Historically, we have between 300 – 500 eye injuries a year.

36. Eye Protection - When Is It Needed? • When any of these hazards are present: • Dust and other flying particles, such as metal shavings or sawdust • Corrosive gases, vapors, and liquids • Molten metal that may splash • Potentially infectious materials such as blood or hazardous liquid chemicals that may splash • Intense light from welding and lasers

37. Safety Glasses Types of Eye Protection

38. Eye Protection Criteria for Selection Protects against specific hazard(s) Comfortable to wear Does not restrict vision or movement Durable and easy to clean and disinfect Does not interfere with the function of other required PPE

39. Eye Protection for EmployeesWho Wear Eyeglasses Ordinary glasses do not provide the required protection Proper choices include: Prescription glasses with side shields and protective lenses Goggles that fit comfortably over corrective glasses without disturbing the glasses Goggles that incorporate corrective lenses mounted behind protective lenses

40. Safety Glasses Made with metal/plastic safety frames Most operations require side shields Used for moderate impact from particles produced by jobs such as carpentry, woodworking, grinding, and scaling

41. Goggles Protects eyes and area around the eyes from impact, dust, and splashes. Some goggles fit over corrective lenses.

42. Laser (Welding) Safety Goggles Protects eyes from intense concentrations of light produced by lasers.

43. Face Shields Full face protection. Protects face from dusts and splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids. Does not protect from impact hazards. Wear safety glasses or goggles underneath.

44. Welding Shields • Protects eyes against burns from radiant light • Protects face and eyes from flying sparks, metal spatter, & slag chips produced during welding, brazing, soldering, and cutting

45. Respiratory Devices

46. Respiratory Protection • Dust • Fog • Fume • Gas

47. Respiratory Protection • Dust level • Dust type • Mask protection type (P1,P2,P3)

48. Respiratory Protection • Appropriate filter choice. • O2 concentration must be high then %19,5. • Must be worn without beard and long muctahce

50. Respiratory Protection Using Rules of Mask: Must be worn in clear places Must be taken off with clear hands after the work Must be keep in clear places Must be light Requires less maintaince Not to fold and store in pocket Field of vision must be prevent