Unit 45 - 60

1. Unit 45 - 60 --- Lecture 5

2. Read the Following Words • advertisement clumsy receipt declaration spectacular • therapy fascinating bankrupt realistic client • poll initiative thrive hatred volunteer • conquer repetition cashier, pregnant, applause • statistic, negotiate, retail, anniversary, exert • diplomatic, ambassador, kindergarten, intellectual, antique

3. kind diagram • Category • Chart • Ban (sb from doing) • Commercial • Fee • Furthermore • fearful forbid (to do) prevent advertisement fare besides moreover afraid scared frightened

4. 同义词 • Enterprise • flesh (of all kinds) • Era • Namely • Practically firm, company meat (for eating) age that is to say i.e. virtually nearly

5. goodbye subway (AmE) • Farewell • Underground (BrE) • Immense • Weep • Forecast • Cue • Asset • Athlete giant enormous vast cry predict hint clue possession property belonging sportsman

6. 反义词 • comedy • superior • Backward • divorce-marriage • They got divorced last year. 他们去年离了婚。Did Mr. Hill divorce his wife or did she divorce him? 是希尔先生要和他太太离婚，还是他太太要和他离婚呢？

7. hatred-love • secondary-primary • amateur-professional/expert/specialist • passive-active • intelligent-ignorant-illiterate • sphere-cube

8. Explain The Phrases • folk song • savings account n. • blood vessel • retail store • on campus --- at university • assembly line/ General Assembly • at one's disposal

9. Not for Sale • Don't make (such) a fuss. • peace initiative / take the initiative in making acquaintances • an alarm clock an alert boy • commit suicide • quit smoking • Never do wrong for the sake of money.

10. 写出下面单词的派生词 • analyze • devise • Occasion • disposal • commerce • intellectual • invasion • substance

11. summary • Survive • 缀变成的名词arrival, approval, proposal, manual, disposal • nerve-nervous • evolve-evolution • repeat-repetition • occur-occurrence • envy-envious

12. 区别比较单词 • aboard--- abroad • grace-grave • estate-estimate • cash-cashier • elderly (rather old) -elder (apply to persons)-older (also apply to things) e.g. special recreational programs for the elderly.为老年人设立的特殊娱乐计划; elder sister 大姐；John the Elder 老约翰 • perceive-deceive-receive

13. Sign --- sigh • Quit --- quiz • Poll --- doll • Dose --- pose • Grand --- grind

14. 分类学单词 • 和钱有关的词 money currency cash cheque (BrE)= check (AmE), fund, scholarship, allowance (津贴), discount, credit (存款), deposit(存款), deficit, budget, capital, saving, rent, payment, insta(l)lment,

15. 表情和动作gesture, pose, frown （smile）, shrug, bow, nod, expression • 和政府有关的词 authority (政府，当局，权威), federal government, diplomatic, domestic, embassy, congress, Constitution, Declaration of Independence, delegate, deputy, house of representatives, senate, jury, court

16. Identity • Authority, veteran, crew, embassy, expert, journalist, ambassador, accountant, cashier, victim, volunteer, athlete, architect, consumer, agent, beggar, client, editor, politician, senator, tutor

18. Quiz 8 Sending of mails • Such a mistake would lead to serious consequence. • There will be no mail deliveries today, because the postmen in the neighborhood are on strike • Within two weeks of arrival all foreigners had to register with the local police. • The past ten years have seen some very positive developments in the East-West relations. results constructive To report to, to put required information in an official list or record.

19. Quiz 8 A rude or offensive action or remark. To give a good reason for… • The street-workers’ leader rejected the 2% pay-rise saying it was an insult to the profession. • I can’t really justify taking another day off work • All the police officers were equipped with shields to defend themselves against the rioter. • The lecturer illustrated his point with a diagram on the blackboard. • Teaching is a respectable profession. • Should AIDS patients be isolated from others? armed with explain with the help of examples, etc.. job separate To report to, to put required information in an official list or record.

20. √ • It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars. A. absent B. current C. obvious D. previous • With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its limitation. A. applause B. treasure C. identifications D. profits • The doctor said that I was suffering from nervous tension. A. schedule B. glory C. anxiety D. strength • He emphasized the importance of careful driving. A. embarrassed B. stressed C. prompted D. strived • His remarks were brief and to the point. A. concise B. flexible C. intimate D. wonderful √ √ √ √

21. √ • The story he gave the police is very doubtful. A. believable B. suspicious C. survival D. superficial • The author was required to submit an _____ of about 200 words together with his research paper. A. edition B. abstract C. editorial D. article • Most ____areas are over-crowded. A. rural B. urban C. city D. village • Smoking is a danger to health. A. hazard B. crisis C. risk D. damage • My feelings in this matter are parallel _____ yours. A. of B. as C. to D. on √ √ √ √

22. … does not belong to the group. √ • A. appropriate B. proper C. previous D. suitable • A. contrary B. identical C. opposite D. reverse • A. comprehensive B. ambitious C. competitive D. aggressive • A. major B. minor C. main D. greater • A. alike B. resemble C. similar D. assemble • A. defect B. disadvantage C. flaw D. perfect √ √ √ √ √

23. … does not belong to the group. √ • A. occupation B. profession C. education D. job • A. kind B. hostile C. hospitable D. friendly • A. miniature B. large C. giant D. huge • A. violate B. against C. break D. observe • A. be accustomed to B. be used to C. be relevant to • A. establish B. set up C. vibrate D. erect • A. reluctant B. unwilling C. willing √ √ √ √ √ √

24. Fill in the blanks … • household (electric) ap _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (noun.) 家用电器 • c _ _ _ (verb) with: deal with • Lack of confidence is the biggest barrier _____ (prep.) the improvement of your English study. • They tried to convince the judge ____ (prep.) their innocence.他们试图让法官相信他们是清白的。 pliance ope to of

25. Fill in the blanks … • She resorted _____ (prep.) stealing when she had no more money. • Congratulations ____ (prep.) your promotion! • They went camping so as to be independent ______ (prep.) hotels. 他们去露营, 免得住旅馆。 to on of/ from

26. 四级中的篇章词汇 Banked Cloze (15minutes,10points)

27. 解题步骤 • 跳读全文,抓住中心 • 阅读选项,词性分类 • 瞻前顾后,灵活选择 • 复读全文,谨慎调整

28. 解题技巧 • 词性动词的时态 • 一组反义词/近义词时,往往有一个是干扰. • 连词逻辑关系. 并列平行,递进,对比,前后思想一致等. • 有总体观,不必按顺序.

29. 逻辑对应 同义复现 反义比照 上义词／下义词

30. Example 同义复现 ．．． In the past, such vital curriculum was not always readily ______ for children who needed it. One person who experienced the _________ of school life without a bilingual program was UH education professor Yolanda Padron. available difficulties • A) little B) major C) impossible D) tested • E) finally F) response G) own H) happiness • lost J) received K) difficulties L) knowledge • M) available N) basically O) overcome

31. 篇章语境词义的理解 n. Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of ________ or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout（筋疲力尽）… anxiety A) process B) high C) enjoying D) anxiety E) settle F) cautious G) cooperate H) greatly I) dropping J) hardly K) low L) focus M) aspiration N) critical O) procedure a strong desire for achievement; ambition渴望，热望

32. 搭配 ．．． Despite the awkwardness of being placed back two grade levels, Padron _______ some much-needed attention from concerned teachers. received A) little B) major C) impossible D) tested E) finally F) response G) own H) happiness I) lost J) received K) difficulties L) knowledge M) available N) basically O) overcome

33. Cloze relation logical semantic structural 同现复现 词义辨析 并列转折递进因果条件比较 结构搭配

34. get the main idea • look for three relations in context • check your answer understanding the passage as a whole

35. A • The so-called “non-intelligence factors” include _____ feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits. A. one’s B. their C. his D. her • We suggest that you should study the illustrations carefully ____ the procedure has been described in details. A. though B. which C. so D. where • The mosquito can get a full dinner from you in a minute. All this usually takes place so quickly that you _____ anything was happening. A. may not suspect B. may not have suspected C. may haven’t suspected D. didn’t suspect D B

36. A product must be something that ___ will choose to buy. This gives the consumers some power. Whatever they are willing and able to buy is called demand. ___ is made and offered for sale is called supply. The demand for a product or service always affects ____ of that product or service. Answer: consumers , whatever, supply

37. Indeed without Einstein’s theory, which was the result of many complicated mathematical calculations, there would never have been any practical ________of nuclear power. • Nancy was beginning to get bored at home all day. I was working hard at the time, but I didn’t _____ my job. Most of all, I hated going to work in the rush hour every day. application enjoy

38. To add ideas together And, also, besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, too, first, second, finally To show emphasis and clarity Above all, after all, in fact, particularly, that is To show similarity Like, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, similarly To express cause and effect As, because, due to, for, for this reason, now that, since, owning to, as a result (consequence), accordingly, consequently, therefore, thus. Transitional Expressions

39. To point out examples For example, for instance, to illustrate To draw a conclusion, an inference, or a summary In a word, in conclusion, in brief, in short, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, to sum up, therefore. To indicate time At times, after, afterward, from then on, immediately, later, meanwhile, next, now, then, until, while. Transitional Expressions

40. That “something special” was men --- (creative) individuals who could invent machines… The man who ___ the machines of the Industry Revolution (came) from many backgrounds and many occupations…. Most of the people who ___ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. • A. employed B. created C. operated D. controlled • A. proposed B. developed C. supplied D. offered Answer:B, B

41. Vocabulary C • Lisa declined the man’s offer ____ so as to show her disdain of him. A. indifferently B. bluntly C. deliberately D. casually

42. Collocation A • In the winter, the jet stream moves to lower latitudes resulting _____ greater rainfall for southern states. A. in B. to C. from D. at • I can’t thank you ____ much for your kindness, because without your help I can’t have succeeded in the exam. A. too B. very C. quite D. that A

43. Exercises • The football match was televised ___ from the workers’ stadium. A. life B. alive C. live D. lively • When the student meets another miserable person from the same country, he will pour out his unhappy feelings. Together they can ___ in their native language. A. talk B. complain C. speak D. address C B

44. There are many ideas about the origin of the tree. It is widely believed that Martin Luther began the custom in Germany. The sight of an evergreen tree on Christmas Eve, with ____ stars above, is said to have made a great impression on him, and he put a similar tree, ____ with lighted candles, in the home. Answer:twinkling, decorated

45. The chief reason is that all passionate and prejudiced arguments overstate their case and ____ their opponents’ case. • Phobias, ____ fear of height, fear of water, or fear of crowds, can be eliminated through conditioning. A. and B. besides C. such as D. anyhow Answer:understate C

46. Assignments • <大学综合英语（强化篇）> P.84-87 • Cloze P.125-130, • Cloze 补充资料 • 领会式词汇