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Samurai Soldier’s. Minamoto Yoritomo. Took title of Shogun (Commander in Chief & head of Military) Who’s place is the Shogun taking? Samurai (Professional Warrior’s) became Japan’s ruling class. Rise of the Samurai. Girls & Boys were trained in the arts of War
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MinamotoYoritomo • Took title of Shogun (Commander in Chief & head of Military) • Who’s place is the Shogun taking? • Samurai (Professional Warrior’s) became Japan’s ruling class
Rise of the Samurai • Girls & Boys were trained in the arts of War • Daimyos: Warrior-Lords in Japan • Began treating their land like independent kingdoms • Tokugawa Ieyasubecame Shogun and established Edo as capital
Armor • Strong, yet flexible • Boxlike panels of armor covered: chest, back & hips • Metal Guards on legs & arms • Iron Masks
Weapons • Bows & Arrows • Spears • Swords-Finest in the world • Long -used for fighting • Shorter- cutting off heads
Military Training • Fencing/Swordsmanship was most intense training • Martial Arts- Using your opponent’s strength against him
Battle • Pre-arranged Time & Date • Shouted out names, ancestors, heroic deeds & reasons for fighting • Fought 1 on 1 duels • 1. knock opponent off horse 2. wrestle to the ground 3.slit throat
Training in Self Control • Learned to endure pain and suffering • Overcome the Fear of Death “Meditation on Inevitable Death should be performed daily. Everyday when one’s mind & body are at peace, one should meditate upon being ripped apart by arrows, rifles, spears and swords, being carried away by surging waves, being thrown into the midst of a great fire, being struck by lightening, being shaken to death by a great earthquake, falling from thousand foot cliffs, dying of disease or committing suicide at the death of one’s master.”
Training in Preparedness: • Must have a “Sixth Sense” about danger • Training in Writing & Literature • Calligraphy • Poetry • Haiku’s- using images to suggest a mood
Tea Ceremony • Way to form Political Alliance’s among Samurai • Tea Rooms were simple- engaged in discussions
Training in Spiritual Strength • Amida Buddhism • Founded by Honan • Believer’s could enter the Pure Land by prayer • ZenBuddhism • Emphasis on Effort & discipline • Achieved Enlightenment through meditation • Koans-puzzling questions
Code of Bushido & Samurai Values • Loyalty & Personal Honor- • Loyalty to your Lord • Guard Personal Honor • Ritual Suicide- • Seppuku- ritual suicide • Preserving personal honor, avoiding capture in battle, death of lord, punishment for a crime, atone for a crime and many more…
I have no parents: I make the heavens and Earth my parents.I have no home: I make awareness my home.I have no life or death: I make the tides of breathing my life and death.I have no divine power: I make honesty my divine power.I have no means: I make understanding my means.I have no magic secrets: I make character my magic secret.I have no body: I make endurance my body.I have no eyes: I make the flash of lightning my eyes. I have no ears: I make sensibility my ears.I have no limbs: I make promptness my limbs.I have no strategy: I make “unshadowed by thought” my strategy.I have no design: I make “seizing opportunity by the forelock” my design.I have no miracles: I make right action my miracles. I have no principles: I make adaptability to all circumstances my principles.I have no tactics: I make emptiness and fullness my tactics.I have no talents: I make ready wit my talent.I have no friends: I make my mind my friend.I have no enemy: I make carelessness my enemy.I have no armor: I make benevolence and righteousness my armor.I have no castle: I make immovable mind my castle.I have no sword: I make absence of mind my sword.
Women • 12th Century • Tomoe Gozen- fought in battles-killed enemy leader • Koman-Saved Clan’s banner • 17th Century • “when young, women should obey their fathers; when grown, their husbands; when old, their sons” • Arranged Marriages
Japan Vs. Europe • Japan • Military Chief rose to Power (Shogun) • Loyalty & Obligations tied lords & vassals • Daimyos • Samurai • Code of Bushido (more strict) • Europe • Military Chief rose to Power (King) • Loyalty & Obligations tied lords & vassals • Landholding Lords • Knights • Code of Chivalry (less strict)
Influence on Modern times • 1868- Restored the Power of the Emperor • 1940’s- stayed true to Warrior Code • Many killed themselves • Kamikazes • Martial Arts/Judo- reflect Samurai Discipline • Haiku/ Calligraphy