The Comparative and Superlative in English

1. The Comparative and Superlative in English IST531-21 Feb 12 Marwan Haddad April 20, 2012

2. We use the comparative and superlative form to compare and contrast different objects in English. Use the comparative form to show the difference between two objects.

3. Example: New York is more exciting than Seattle.

4. Use the superlative form when speaking about three or more objects to show which object is 'the most' of something.

5. Example: New York is the most exciting city in the USA.

6. Here is a chart showing how to construct the comparative form in English. (Chart)

7. Notice in the example sentences that we use 'than' to compare the two objects add '-er ' to end of the adjective (Note: double the final consonant if preceded by a vowel) remove the 'y' from the adjective and add 'ier‘.

8. Example: cheap – cheaper hot – hotter high - higher

9. Example Sentences: Yesterday was hotter than today. This book is cheaper than that book.

10. Two Syllable Adjectives Ending in '-y'.

11. Example: happy – happier funny - funnier

12. Example Sentences: I am happier than you. That joke was funnier than his joke.

13. Two, Three or More Syllable Adjectives: Place 'more' before the adjective

14. Example: interesting - more interesting difficult - more difficult

15. Example Sentences: London is more expensive than Madrid. This test is more difficult than the last test.

16. Here is a chart showing how to construct the superlative form in English: (Chart)

17. One Syllable Adjectives: Place 'the' before the adjective and add '-est' to end of the adjective (Note: double the final consonant if preceded by a vowel).

18. Example: cheap - the cheapest hot - the hottest high - the highest

19. Example Sentences: Today is the hottest day of the summer. This book is the cheapest I can find.

20. Two, Three or More Syllable Adjectives: Place 'the most' before the adjective.

21. Example: interesting - the most interesting difficult - the most difficult

22. Example Sentences: London is the most expensive city in England. That is the most beautiful painting here.

23. Two Syllable Adjectives Ending in '-y‘: Place 'the' before the adjective and remove the 'y' from the adjective and add ‘iest’.

24. Example: happy - the happiest funny - the funniest

25. Example Sentences: New York is the noisiest city in the USA. He is the most important person I know.

26. IMPORTANT EXCEPTIONS: There are some important exceptions to these rules. Here are two of the most important exceptions:

27. good Example Sentences good - adjective This book is good. better – comparative This book is better than that one. the best – superlative This is the best school in the city

28. bad Example Sentences bad – adjective This meat is bad so we can’t eat it. worse - comparative His French is worse than mine. the worst - superlative This is the worst day of my life.