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AICE Psych 08/27/13. Developmental Psych. discovering the psychological processes of development The four core studies in this section all focus on how children develop developmental psychologists also study adulthood too. Developmental Psych. Bandura Aggression
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Developmental Psych • discovering the psychological processes of development • The four core studies in this section all focus on how children develop • developmental psychologists also study adulthood too
Developmental Psych • Bandura • Aggression • demonstrated that children learn development from role • emphasisethe way we learn behaviour from others, our environment, experiences and so on. • observing and imitating role models.
Developmental Psych • Freud (1909) • emotional development • psychodynamic approach argued that a child's early experiences will shape its personality in later life • children pass through a number of psycho-sexual stages as they develop • Little Hans provides a detailed account of a young boy coming to terms with his emotional conflicts.
Developmental Psych • main assumption of developmental approach • Cognitive • Emotional • Behavioural • ongoing process • changes result from an interaction of nature and nurture
Developmental Psych • Strength • longitudinalwhich means that they do get to investigate changes and how these changes are influenced • developmental psychology to neglect adult development.
Developmental Psych • Strength • provides useful information about how we can better understand how children learn and deal with emotional difficulties • improve the lives • Bandura - how adults should act in the presence of children • Freud - talking cures that have enabled individuals to cope with earlier traumatic experiences.
Developmental Psych • Weakness • tendency to generalise • findings from often very limited samples • general patterns of development based on non representative samples • Freud, for example argued that all children experience psychosexual stages based on case studies such as the one carried out on little Hans and his own introspections • However, many studies such as the one carried out by Bandura have been replicated in other cultures again showing the importance of role models on shaping childrensbehaviour.
Developmental psych • Weakness • validity of measuring children’s behaviour and thoughts • Can psychologists actually measuring what they are attempting to measure especially as children? • qualitatively different thoughts to adults • Bandura’s study could be criticised for interpreting the children’s behaviour towards the Bobo doll as aggression. Perhaps the children interpreted their own behaviour as play. • Freud’s interpretation of Hans’ behaviour as the case study is really Freud's interpretations of Hans' father's interpretation of his son's own phobia. Again this seriously reduces the validity of the study.