Chapter 13 European Middle Ages, 500–1200

1. Chapter 13European Middle Ages,500–1200 Section 2 Feudalism in Europe

2. Feudalism in Europe -Invaders Attack Western Europe • Where did the Vikings raid Europe from? • Scandinavia • Denmark • Norway • Sweden http://www.scantours.com/maps/scandinavia_map.jpg

3. Feudalism in Europe -Invaders Attack Western Europe • What was the benefit of Viking long ships? • Sail in shallow water, allowing raids inland • Eventually, many Vikings adopt Christianity and become farmers http://www.thedunngeon.com/VikingShip1.jpg http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/ChurchHistory220/Lecture%20Three/LongShip2.gif

4. Feudalism in Europe -Invaders Attack Western Europe • Who are Magyars? • Hungarian nomads • Where did they come from? • Western Europe in late 800s http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Arpadfeszty.jpg http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd_1911/shepherd-c-057.jpg

5. Feudalism in Europe -Invaders Attack Western Europe • Muslims strike north from Africa, Where did they attacking through? • Italy and Spain • What was the result of these invasions? • Widespread disorder & suffering

6. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • Feudalism Structures Society • 850 to 950, the political system of feudalism emerges. What is it based on? • Land control

7. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • A lord (landowner) gives fiefs, what is a fief? • Land grants in exchange for services • Who are Vassals? • People who receive fiefs — become powerful landholders

8. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • The Feudal Pyramid • Power in the feudal system is much like a pyramid, with the king at the top http://web000.greece.k12.ny.us/SocialStudiesResources/Social_Studies_Resources/GHG_Documents/European%20Feudal%20System%20Chart%2006.03.jpg

9. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • Kings were served by nobles, who served the nobles? • Knights • Why did Knights defend their lord’s land? • In exchange for fiefs http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/images/knights.gif http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Breviarium_Grimani_-_Juni.jpg

10. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • Medieval feudal system classifies people into three social groups • Those who fight: nobles and knights • Those who pray: monks, nuns, leaders of the Church • Those who work: peasants

11. Feudalism in Europe – A New Social Order: Feudalism • Social class is usually inherited; majority of people are peasants • Most peasants are serfs What is a serf? • People lawfully bound to place of birth • Serfs aren’t slaves, but what they produce belongs to their lord

12. Feudalism in Europe – Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism • The lord’s estate, a manor, has an economic system (manor system) • What do serfs and free peasants who maintain the lord’s estate & give grain receive in return? • Housing, farmland & protection from bandits http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Plan_mediaeval_manor.jpg

13. Feudalism in Europe – Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism • A Self-Contained World • What are included in Medieval manors? • Lord’s house • Church • Workshops • Village • Manors cover a few square miles of land, are largely self-sufficient http://tiffanyl.pacam.org/files/2008/03/feudal-village.gif

14. Feudalism in Europe – Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism • Peasants • Pay taxes to use mill and bakery • Pay a tithe to priest • What is a Tithe? • A church tax • Equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income http://www.getreligion.org/wp-content/photos/InstaTithe.jpg

15. Feudalism in Europe – Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism • Serfs • Feed and cloth the family • Poor diet • Illness • Malnutrition • What was their life expectancy? • 35 years • Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan

16. Homework • Prepare for Current Events