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Environmental Science: Toward a Sustainable Future Richard T. Wright

Municipal Solid Waste: Disposal and Recovery. The solid-waste problemSolutions to the solid-waste problemPublic policy and waste management. The Solid-Waste Problem. Disposal of municipal solid wasteLandfillsCombustion: waste to energyCosts of municipal solid-waste disposal. Disposal of Municip

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Environmental Science: Toward a Sustainable Future Richard T. Wright

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    1. Environmental Science: Toward a Sustainable Future Richard T. Wright Municipal Solid Waste: Disposal and Recovery PPT by Clark E. Adams

    2. Municipal Solid Waste: Disposal and Recovery The solid-waste problem Solutions to the solid-waste problem Public policy and waste management

    3. The Solid-Waste Problem Disposal of municipal solid waste Landfills Combustion: waste to energy Costs of municipal solid-waste disposal

    4. Disposal of Municipal Solid-Waste (MSW) The solid-waste problem: We generate huge amounts of MSW, and it is increasingly expensive to dispose of it in ways that are environmentally responsible and protective of human health.

    5. MSW Components

    6. The Fate of MSW

    7. Factors Contributing to Increasing Amounts of MSW Increasing populations Changing lifestyles Disposable materials* Diapers Excessive packaging*

    8. Old Landfill Problems Leachate generation Methane production Incomplete decomposition Settling

    9. Improving Landfills Located above water table and away from airports Contoured floor for leachate-collection system Covered with earthen material Groundwater monitoring wells

    11. A Modern Landfill

    12. Landfill Siting: Public Reactions LULU (locally unwanted land use) NIMBY (not in my backyard) NIMTOO (not in my term of office)

    13. Interstate Transfer of MSW

    14. Trash to Treasure (Table 18-1) Highest (more than 1 million tons) net importers of MSW Pennsylvania Virginia Michigan

    15. Trash to Treasure (Table 18-1) Highest (more than 1 million tons) net exporters MSW New York New Jersey Maryland Missouri

    16. Combustion: Waste to Energy (WTE)

    17. WTE Benefits 80% MSW burned for electrical energy production 12% recovered and recycled 8% put into landfill

    18. WTE Benefits Tipping fees = $15 to $100/ton Efficient Electricity and fuel oil savings

    19. WTE Benefits Extends life of landfill Reduces pollution Concrete blocks Resource recovery

    20. WTE Drawbacks Cost of construction Uninterrupted MSW stream flow Hazardous materials Siting Competition with recycling efforts

    21. Costs of MSW Disposal Tipping fees increase: $34 to $263/ton All revenues from MSW disposal = >$14 billion a year in 2002. Illegal dumping Tires Refrigerators Car parts

    22. Solutions to the Solid-Waste Problem Source reductions The recycling solution Municipal recycling Regional recycling options

    23. Source Reduction Less weight Internet information transfer Resale and donation of durable goods Lengthening a product’s life cycle Refusing bulk mail Composting

    24. The Recycling Solution Paper to paper Newspaper = 13% MSW stream Worth $30/ton Ton of newspapers = 17 trees

    25. The Recycling Solution Paper Glass Plastic Metals Yard wastes Textiles Old tires Compost Refabrication Synthetic lumber Sand or gravel Insulation Strengthens recycled paper Highways

    26. Municipal Recycling 75% MSW recyclable if: Mandatory Easy to do Incentives Political and industrial support

    27. State Recycling Rates

    28. MSW Recycling in the United States

    30. Regional Recycling Options Materials recovery facilities (MRFs) Mixed waste processing Mixed waste and yard trimmings composting

    31. Public Policy and Waste Management The regulatory perspective Integrated waste management

    32. The Regulatory Perspective Solid Waste Disposal Act 1965 Resource Recovery Act 1970 and 1976 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 Superfund Act 1980 Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments 1984

    33. Integrated Waste Management Waste reduction Safe waste disposal Recycling and reuse Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) trash pickup

    34. End of Chapter 18

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