UNIT 2 VOCABULARY

1. UNIT 2 VOCABULARY

2. Agrarian • A society mainly based on agriculture

3. Urbanization • The process of people moving to cities and building larger cities.

4. Industrial Revolution • The movement that caused people to begin to use machinery and factories to manufacture goods.

5. Before and After—Industrial Revolution (Section 4)

6. ASSIGNMENT • With a partner at your table, you need to produce the table of pre and post Industrial Revolution. You will be graded on the following: • A: At least 7 of the ideas are present, and student used less than 10 words. • B: At least 7 of the ideas are present, and student used less than 20 words. • C: At least 7 of the ideas are present, and student used less than 30 words.

7. Steam Engine • The invention that made it possible for industrialization to take place

8. Subsistence Farming • Growing just enough food for yourself and your family to survive.

9. How did Britain change because Of the Industrial Revolution?

10. Manufacture • The process of making raw materials (resources) into a useful item.

11. Mass Production • The process of making large quantities of the same or similar items for sale.

12. Factory • An industrial facility where large amounts of items are mass-produced.

14. Colony • A region that is ruled by another country, but does not have the same laws or privileges as that country.

15. Empire • A mother country and all of it’s colonies.

16. Colonialism • The time when European countries tried to gain new colonies in other parts of the world. (Also Age of Imperialism)

17. Direct Rule • The policy of France and other countries where they completely controlled everything that happened in their colonies.

18. Indirect Rule • The policy of England and other countries where colonies largely ruled themselves as long as they benefitted the mother country.

19. Direct Rule vs. Indirect Rule

20. Reading a Political Cartoon • Step #1: Who are the people or countries shown? (HINT: Look for labels or distinct features) • Step #2: Where is the picture happening? • Step #3: Is the message positive or negative? • Step #4: What is the main idea of this cartoon (What message is the artist trying to send?) • USE THESE STEPS FOR THE NEXT 4 SLIDES

25. CREATE YOUR OWN • Now it’s your turn to make your own political cartoons. Here are the main ideas you need to get across in your political cartoon: • #1: Great Britain should stay out of our country. • #2: Colonies are being abused. • #3: Monarchy is too old and doesn’t work in today’s world. • #4: Colonies only exist to make people in Europe lazy and rich. • #5: ???? Whatever you want. Be creative!

26. Communism • An economic and governmental system based on state ownership of assets

27. Capitalism • An economic system based on individual ownership of assets

28. Proletariat • Karl Marx’s working class

29. Bourgeoisie • Karl Marx’s middle class

30. Labor Unions • Organizations that represent workers against factory owners or other company owners.

31. Monopoly • One company that controls most or all of an industry

32. Regulation • Government control of trade in order to prevent companies from taking advantage of buyers

33. Competition • Companies working against each other to produce cheaper and better products

34. What does the chart show About how people feel about Labor unions?

35. Socialism • Government system where the government provides it’s citizens with what they need for living.

36. Propaganda • Information spread about someone or something that is usually untrue to make you believe something negative about them.

37. Abolitionist • A person who works for the end of slavery

38. Apartheid • An official policy of separation in South Africa during the 1950’s to 1990’s.

39. Civil Disobedience • The belief started by Gandhi that people should disobey government laws if they don’t make sense for the people.

40. Segregation • An official policy of separation