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Four decades of windpower development: some ‘value sensitive design’ lessons

Four decades of windpower development: some ‘value sensitive design’ lessons. Frans A. van der Loo Brussels 22 november 2013. The context.

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Four decades of windpower development: some ‘value sensitive design’ lessons

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  1. Four decades of windpower development:some ‘value sensitive design’ lessons Frans A. van der LooBrussels 22 november 2013

  2. The context • Dutch innovation policy: Energy topsectorBio-energy Energy efficiency buildings Energy efficiency industry Gas Smart Grids Windpower Offshore Solar energy • NWO Research programme ‘Responsible innovation’Shale gas Smart grids Windpower Offshore Green production, etc. • ‘Embedding social responsibility in the design of offshore wind energy systems’TU Delft, prof.dr. Rolf Künneke e.a. (university) TKI-Windoffshore, NWEA e.a. (industry)

  3. Content • Wind onshore- from niche to system-innovation (1973-2013)- technical and procedural design- the lessons • Wind offshore- large-scale implementation 2030- impact and acceptability • Value sensitive design- some lessons

  4. Wind onshore: the system 1 2 3 stand-alone windfarm 2450 MW

  5. Wind onshore: technical design 75 kW 600 kW Impact:-visual-noise-shadow 7500 kW

  6. Wind onshore: procedural design

  7. Wind onshore: the value drivers • Clean&Reliable:more windpower- Political independance 1973 (Oil-boycot)- Acid rain 1980- Climate change 1990- Political independance 2008 (Russia-Ukraine) • (Cost-)Efficiency:bigger turbines • Social acceptance:from local to national procedures

  8. Wind onshore: value sensitive design lessons (1) Technology • turbine larger + more efficient (75kW to 7500kW) • from 2 to 3 rotorblades • from turbine to windfarm (line/array) • less noise • shadow-interrupting

  9. Wind onshore: value sensitive design lessons (2) Procedures (institutional) • Spatial planning • Procedure/ initiative changes • Stakeholders: from farmer to Province to Parliament • Process: from ‘technical’ to political (and legal procedures) • Grid-connection: grid-enforcement, codification, congestion-law • Tariff: from fixed fee to APX-trade (Spot, Intra-day, Day-ahead)

  10. Wind offshore: the system Egmond aan Zee108 MW 2012: 5.000 MW EWEA 2030:150.000 MW

  11. Wind offshore: the system in context Environment Citizens StakeholdersOil&GasShipping Fishery Military Recreation Wind Offshore Politics System& Infrastructure

  12. Wind offshore: ‘value sensitive’ impact These issues might pose critical factors to public acceptance

  13. Value sensitive design: some lessons • Wind onshore development shows value sensitive design - in technology and procedures. • From niche to system-innovation: new kind of impacts, new kind of issues, new kind of policies- not only technology • Wind offshore implementation: anticipate the large-scale impacts- We can learn from wind onshore.- Social Impact Report? (cf. Environmental Impact Report) • Wind offshore value sensitive design should focus on:- Costs/Benefits (public budgets + framing)- Sea-stakeholder cooperation- Grid-extension + organisation- Life-cycle management- Logistics- CSR

  14. Thank you! Discussion? Frans A. van der LooLOO e-Consultinfo@looeconsult Responsible innovation programme Wind offshoreTU Delft prof.dr. R. Künneker.w.kunneke@tudelft.nl

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