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Sensation & Perception

Sensation & Perception. The Lion King. Political Subliminal Message. http://livingroomcandidate.movingimage.us/election/index.php?nav_action=election&nav_subaction=overview&campaign_id=177 What impact does this message have? Will it last?. Subliminal Messages.

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Sensation & Perception

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  1. Sensation & Perception

  2. The Lion King

  3. Political Subliminal Message http://livingroomcandidate.movingimage.us/election/index.php?nav_action=election&nav_subaction=overview&campaign_id=177 What impact does this message have? Will it last?

  4. Subliminal Messages Hidden messages targeted at our subconscious mind. Examples: Small images inside a larger picture An audio message hidden inside a recording Messages in song played backward Hidden words or pictures that quickly appear Powerful marketing tools Effect us on a emotional level Short lived results

  5. Sensation & Perception • Sensation- stimulation of the sense organs • Raw data of experience: smells, sights, sounds, pain, etc. • Perception- creating meaning from the raw sensory information

  6. Basic Process Sensory organs absorb energy from a physical stimulus in the environment Sensory receptor cells detect stimulus energies and convert them into neural impulses (transduction) The message is sent to the brain by way of neurons Specific areas of the brain organizes the input and transforms them into something meaningful

  7. Psychophysics Threshold- is a dividing point between energy levels that we do or do not detect Absolute Threshold- minimum amount of stimulation that an organism can detect 50% of the time Environment can affect detection of a stimulus Online demo: http://www.garyfisk.com/anim/threshold.swf

  8. JND- just noticeable difference is the smallest difference in the amount of stimulation that a specific sense can detect The absolute threshold is the jnd from nothing (no stimulus) JND is greater for stronger stimuli than for weaker ones As a stimulus increases in magnitude, the JND becomes larger

  9. Sensory Adaptation Gradual decline in sensitivity to prolonged stimulation Ex: Garbage In reality, the stimulus intensity (the odor) stays the same but with continued exposure your sensitivity to it decreases Ex: Jumping into a swimming pool It allows people to ignore the obvious but you can notice CHANGES in sensory input

  10. The Visual System

  11. The Visual System

  12. Parts of the Eye • Cornea (1) transparent covering/protection • Pupil and Iris (2) bright light/contracts, dim light/relax • Lens (3) focuses light on the retina • Retina (4) receptor cells that absorbs light • Optic disk/Blind Spot (5) • Optic Nerve (6) • Fovea (7) • Blind Spot Activity!!

  13. The Retina • Millions of receptor cells • 10 % of light • Rods- 100 to 125 million • Cones- 5-6 million • Expt- What Color is it??

  14. Light and Dark Adaptation

  15. Light and Dark Adaptation

  16. From the Eye to the Brain

  17. Afterimage

  18. Form Perception • Perceptual Set - The influence of prior assumptions and expectations on perceptual interpretations

  19. Perceptual Set • What do you see in the center picture: a male saxophonist or a woman’s face? Glancing first at one of the two unambiguous versions of the picture is likely to influence your interpretation.

  20. Feature Analysis • Bottom Up Processing & Top Down Processing I cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. It dseno’t mataetr in what oerdr the ltteres in a word are, the olny iproamtnt tihng is taht the frsit and lsat ltter be in the rghit pclae.

  21. Phi Phenomenon • The illusion of motion when fixed lights are turned on and off in a sequence • Stare at the X in the middle and notice what happens. Is the Green Dot Moving? • http://www.weeville.com/eyetest.htm

  22. Size Distance Relationship

  23. Size Distance Relationship

  24. Size Distance Relationship

  25. Context & Culture • What is above the woman’s head? In one study, nearly all the East Africans who were questioned said the woman was balancing a metal box or can on her head and that the family was sitting under a tree. Westerners, for whom corners and boxlike architecture are more common, were more likely to perceive the family as being indoors, with the woman sitting under a window.

  26. Sensory Deprivation & Restored Vision • Early visual experience can have a profound effect on perception. • Do the kittens ever fully regain normal sensitivity to horizontal or vertical lines? NO. From the time their eyes first opened, and until the age of 5 months, these kittens were removed from darkness each day to spend 5 hours alone in a black-and-white striped cylinder with a clear glass floor. A stiff collar prevented the kittens from seeing anything else, even their own bodies. Afterward, these kittens had difficulty perceiving horizontal forms, compared with other kittens exposed only to horizontal forms.

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