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Explore the growth of nationalism and sectionalism in American art, literature, and language during the period of 1801-1850. This includes the emergence of neoclassical architecture, the Hudson River School of Artists, the influence of Native American culture, minstrel shows, and the development of American language and literature.
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Created by Mr. Johnson American Culture (1801-1850) Mr. Johnson U.S. History
Objectives • 2.02 – Describe the growth of nationalism and sectionalism as reflected in art, literature and language.
Macro Concepts Conflict Style Micro Concepts Nationalism Sectionalism Transcendentalism The Common Man Factual Content Noah Webster Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau Neoclassical Architecture Washington Irving Edgar Allan Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne James Fenimore Cooper Hudson River School of Artists Alexis de Tocqueville Knickerbocker School Themes & Terms
Thomas Cole Hudson River School • Hudson Valley, NY • Themes • Landscapes • Settlement • Nature as a manifestation of God • “Luminescence”
George Catlin • Portraits • Fascinated with Native Americans • Traveled the same route as the Lewis & Clark expedition
Gilbert Stuart • Portraits of founding fathers
Minstrel Shows • Blackface • Racial stereotypes • Buffonery • “Happy slave” • Irreverent humor • African influence on American dance & music
Neoclassical Architecture • Drawing from the “best” of Greek & Roman architecture • Desire for a great and lasting government • Political similarities to Greece and Rome State Capitol - Raleigh
Classical Orders • Doric • Ionic • Corinthian
Greenough’s Statue of Washington • 1840 • Modeled on Zeus • Controversial Reaction • Outrage – indecency/lack of clothing • Anti-democratic – depiction as a god • Humor – “He’s reaching for his clothes!”
"Did anybody ever see Washington naked! It is inconceivable…. I imagine [he] was born with his clothes on and his hair powdered, and made a stately bow on his first appearance in the world." -Nathaniel Hawthorne
Houdon’s Statue of Washington • Richmond, VA state house • Fasces • Cincinnatus