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What Is Matter Made Of?

Explore the fundamental building blocks of matter - from elements to atoms to chemical bonds - and understand how they shape the physical and chemical properties of substances. Discover the Periodic Table, atom composition, states of matter, and more.

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What Is Matter Made Of?

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  1. What Is Matter Made Of? • Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass • All matter is made of elements

  2. What Is Matter Made Of? • Elements cannot be broken down into a more simple form • Elements are arranged on the Periodic Table

  3. What Is Matter Made Of? • Atoms are the basic building blocks of elements • Atoms are the smallest particle of an element with all the same properties of that element

  4. What Is Matter Made Of? • Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons • Protons(+) and neutrons(0) are in the nucleus of the atom & electrons(-) move around the nucleus

  5. What is the Periodic Table of Elements? • It is a collection of all known elements • Periods run across the table, in order of their atomic number

  6. What is the Periodic Table of Elements? • The atomic number equals the number of protons in its nucleus • Groups run vertically on the table based on their outermost electron number

  7. How Are Atoms Combined? • Atoms are joined together by chemical bonds

  8. How Are Atoms Combined? • Covalent bonds form when electrons are shared by atoms of the molecule

  9. How Are Atoms Combined? • Ionic bonds form when electrons are donated by atoms of the compound

  10. What are the Chemical Properties of Matter? • Chemical properties describe how one substance changes when it reacts with other substances

  11. What are the Chemical Properties of Matter? • Examples include rust formation, corrosive action and gas production

  12. A solution is a special mixture because one substance is dissolved (the solute) in the other substance (the solvent) What is a Mixture? • In a mixture, a number of substances can be put together, but each retains its own properties

  13. What is a Mixture? • The individual substances in a mixture can be separated back out again

  14. What are the Physical Properties of Matter? • The things you can observe without changing a substance into a new substance • Examples include smell, texture, color, length, weight and density

  15. Physical Properties • Density is a measure of the mass of an object divided by its volume • D= m/v • m= mass in grams • v= volume in cm3

  16. How Are the Three States of Matter Different? • Solids contain molecules that are highly organized & fixed in position-they have definite shape & volume • Liquids contain molecules that are somewhat organized & free to move about-they have definite volume but no definite shape

  17. How Are the Three States of Matter Different? • Gases contain molecules that lack organization and move about randomly-they have no definite volume or shape

  18. What Is Responsible for the Change Between the Phases of Matter? • Temperature is responsible for the change between the phases of matter • Freezing point, boiling point, condensing point, melting point are critical temperatures in which the phases are changed

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