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Mineral Review

Learn about the different properties of minerals, how to identify unknown minerals using their properties, and how to determine the hardness of a mineral using the Mohs Hardness Scale.

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Mineral Review

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  1. Mineral Review Chapter 13

  2. Bell Work 9/17/2015 • Get your comp. book and a white paper from the front table! • Glue this paper on page 20 of your comp. book!!!

  3. Today’s Goal: • Identify the different properties of minerals. • Explain how mineral properties can be used to identify unknown minerals. • Describe how to use the Mohs Hardness Scale to determine the hardness of a mineral. SPI 0707.7.1 Chapter 13

  4. 1. If a mineral has perfect cleavage, it • Breaks easily • Breaks along smooth surfaces • Scratches smooth surfaces • Scratches easily

  5. 2. Which of the following is true? • Some minerals have no crystal structure • Some minerals are liquids • Minerals are rarely formed in nature • Minerals are always solids

  6. 3. Which of the following is one way to tell which of two minerals is harder? • The harder mineral will mark a penny. • The harder mineral will attract a magnet. • The harder mineral will scratch the softer one. • The harder mineral cannot be scratched by steel.

  7. 4. The color of a mineral when it is ground into a powder is its • Fracture • Cleavage • Luster • Streak

  8. 5. The best way to tell a pyrite sample from a gold sample of similar size is to compare their • Colors • Luster • Densities • Bonds

  9. 6. When you say a mineral is “metallic”, you are talking about its • Streak • Luster • Hardness • Fracture

  10. 7. Quartz, feldspar, and mica are all common • Elements • Carbonates • Oxides • Silicates

  11. 8. Determining the manner in which a mineral breaks is helpful when • Identifying the mineral • Making the mineral • Changing the mineral’s composition • Mining the mineral

  12. 9. The two major types of mineral luster are • Metallic and nonmetallic • Shiny and dull • Glossy and metallic • Dull and glossy

  13. 10. To identify a mineral, scientists may scratch a mineral against a surface. The color of powder left behind is the • Element • Streak • Luster • Fluorescence

  14. 11. A quartz sample breaks into many irregular pieces. This is an example of • Fracture • Cleavage • Density • Streak

  15. MOHS Scale of Hardness • Talc • Gypsum • Calcite • Fluorite • Apatite • Feldspar • Quartz • Topaz • Corundum • Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 12. Which mineral is the softest? • Gypsum • Quartz • Calcite • Talc

  16. MOHS Scale of Hardness • Talc • Gypsum • Calcite • Fluorite • Apatite • Feldspar • Quartz • Topaz • Corundum • Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 13. Which mineral can scratch gypsum but not fluorite? • Talc • Calcite • Apatite • Gypsum

  17. MOHS Scale of Hardness • Talc • Gypsum • Calcite • Fluorite • Apatite • Feldspar • Quartz • Topaz • Corundum • Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 14. Is topaz harder or softer than a steel file? • Harder • Softer

  18. MOHS Scale of Hardness • Talc • Gypsum • Calcite • Fluorite • Apatite • Feldspar • Quartz • Topaz • Corundum • Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 15. Is Feldspar harder or softer than Topaz? • Harder • Softer

  19. The Mohs Hardness Scale

  20. MOHS Scale of Hardness • Talc • Gypsum • Calcite • Fluorite • Apatite • Feldspar • Quartz • Topaz • Corundum • Diamond Your fingernail has a hardness of about 2.5 A steel file has a hardness of 6.5 Explain why a steel file could not be used to tell the difference between a sample of topaz and a sample of quartz. A steel nail is softer than both samples so it could not scratch the samples.

  21. What am I? I’m a solid formed in nature with a definite chemical makeup and crystal structure. Mineral

  22. What am I? I’m the way in which light reflects from the surface of a mineral. Luster

  23. What am I? I’m a mineral that contains only one type of element. Native Mineral

  24. What am I? I’m the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces. Cleavage

  25. What am I? I’m the tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces. Fracture

  26. What am I? I’m a mineral’s resistance to being scratched. Hardness

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