In the Galápagos, Darwin was able to observe

1. In the Galápagos, Darwin was able to observe

2. The species of finches that Darwin found on the Galápagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the

3. Considering the adaptations he observed in finches and tortoises in the Galápagos, Darwin wondered

4. Darwin formulated his theory of evolution by natural selection after

5. The wings of experimental fruit flies were clipped short each generation for fifty generations. The fifty-first generation emerged with normal-length wings. This observation would tend to disprove the theory of evolution based on

6. The economist Malthus suggested that

7. Galápagos birds that Darwin thought were wrens, warblers, and blackbirds really were all

8. When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is

9. According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are most likely the ones best adapted to exist in their environment. Their survival is due to the

10. If a male bird's rate of reproduction is higher than another male's based upon the appearance of each, what process is occurring?

11. . An adaptation is a characteristic that can be physical or

12. When lions prey on a herd of antelope, some antelope are eliminated. Which part of Darwin's theory of evolution may be used to describe this situation?

13. Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment

14. What is evolution?

15. The observation by Darwin that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the conclusion that these finches

16. Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that

17. Darwin's theory of evolution is based on

18. Common cells growing in similar patterns in different organisms produce

19. Interpreting Graphics According to Figure 15-3, how did overall body size change during the evolution of the horse? A.) it increased B.) it decreased C.) it remained the same

20. Analyzing Data According to Figure 15-3, how did the number of toes change during the evolution of the horse? A.) Increased to five B.) Decreased to one

21. Interpreting Graphics What differences in the bodies of the three tortoise species are apparent in Figure 15-4? A.) Differences in eyes B.) Differences in shell and necks C.) Differences in feet

22. Interpreting Graphics Which of the tortoises shown in Figure 15-4 has the longest neck? A.) Pinta Island B.) Isabela Island C.) Hood Island

23. Inferring Vegetation on Isabela Island is close to the ground. How might the location of vegetation have affected the neck and shell of the Isabela Island tortoise shown in Figure 15-4? A.) Short neck turtle would have advantage B.) Long neck turtle would have advantage C.) Mid-neck Turtle Would have advantage

24. Applying Concepts Which parents of the nests shown in Figure 15-5 have the potential for the greatest fitness? A.) parents of nest A B.) parents of nest B C.) parents of nest C

25. Inferring In which of the nests shown in Figure 15-5 might there be intense competition for food? A.) nest A B.) nest B C.)nest C

26. Applying Concepts Which parents of the nests shown in Figure 15-5 would suffer the greatest loss of fitness if one egg did not hatch? A.) parents of nest a B.)parents of nest B C.) parents of nest C