Monday, January 28, 2013

1. Open text books to chapter 15 Complete Terms to Know using all 3 sections – turn in PRE-THINKING the next 2 chapters on Exploration… [these are not in the book & you haven’t read yet anyway… what do you know?]: Monday, January 28, 2013 • Who discovered the “New World”? When? • What is the “New” World? • What is the “Old” World? • Can you think of anything from the last 3 chapters (12, 13, 14, Middle Ages through Renaissance & Reformation) that would have led the Europeans to want to go to new places?

2. 15 Exploration & Trade1200 - 1700

3. European Exploration (chapter 15) Causes & Effects CAUSES: DESIRE FOR WEALTH AND POWER – European explorers hoped to find riches in distant countries and to discover new sea routes to Asia. RELIGIOUS GOALS – Europeans hoped to spread Christianity (their form) and to drive Muslims out of other lands. RENAISSANCE SPIRIT – European adventurers wanted to test the limits of human ability (humanism) and to explore the unknown. IMPROVEMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY – Europeans began to build stronger, faster sailing ships. They developed better navigation and more accurate maps. God – Glory – Gold!

5. 15.1 Europe Looks Outward • ambassador • Marco Polo • Eastern goods • Ottoman Turks • missionaries • Vasco da Gama • magnetic compass • astrolabe • portolan charts • navigation • long ship • round ship • caravel

6. Take out 15.1 Notes you finished for homework Can you answer the following with JUST YOUR NOTES or YOUR BRAIN? Tuesday, January 29, 2013 • Name the book that inspire European merchants. • What were spices used for? • When did the Ottoman Empire gain control of Constantinople? • What was an astrolabe used for? • Name the small, light ship that carried heavy weapons on its side.

7. Europe

8. “Baby steps”… why?

9. Turn in homework 15.1 Write this down! 15.2 Portuguese Influence on Trade in the 1400’s • 1419 – land on the island of Madeira, expeditions encouraged by Prince Henry The Navigator • 1419 – set up schools for navigation at Sagres to search for a sea route to India – caraveldeveloped • 1434 – Gil Eanessails around Cape Bojador • 1441 – Henrybuilt fort on Arguin Island for slave trade • 1445 – Dinís Dias explored Senegal River • 1446 – NuñoTristãosighted Gambia River • 1455 & 1456 – AlviseCã da Mostoand Diogo Gomes found Cape Verde Island’s

10. Timeline or Time Table • Portuguese Exploration 15.2 • First, use book to find (and destroy!) as many dates as you can • Then, decide what are connected to important events (not all dates/events will be used) • Once you have a good list, then your group will put it IN ORDER on paper

11. Turn in 15.2 FIB Answer these questions from 5.2! Wednesday, January 30, 2013 • What was created on Arguin Island? • When did Bartolomeu Dias sail around southern Africa? • When did da Gama sail to India?

12. Continued Portuguese Influence on Trade in the 1400’s • 1460 –reached as far south as Sierra Leone • 1471 – Fernão Gomes reached the Gold Coast and the Kingdom of Benin by 1475 • 1470’s reach the Guinea Coast where a fort was built by King John II to protect trade • 1482 – DiogoCãofound the Congo River • 1487 – Bartolomeu Dias sails down West coast of Africa reaching the southern tip of Africa later renamed Cape of Good Hope • 1497 – Vasco da Gama set sail with goal to reach Calicut, India reaching it in 1498 • 1499 – returned with Indian pepper, cinnamon, and other spices officially opening up India to trade with Europe by sea

13. 15.2 Portugal Leads the Way • Cape of Good Hope • Vasco da Gama • Calicut, India • Treaty of Tordesillas • trading company • shareholders • Prince Henry the Navigator • the Azores • commodities • Portuguese Explorers • BartolommeuDias

14. Write this down!  European Exploration Causes & Effects • IMMEDIATE EFFECTS: • Sailors learned more about geography and improved navigation • The Portuguese discovered a sea route to India • Columbus was the first European to reach the Americas (the West Indies) • Magellan's crew sailed around the world (circumnavigate) • The LINE OF DEMARCATION decided by the pope to prevent disputes over newly discovered lands. Spain was given possession of lands west of Europe while Portugal claimed lands to the east of the line. • Arguments further settled by TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494)

15. European Exploration Causes & Effects • LONG TERM EFFECTS: • European nations competed to establish colonies in the Americas &greatly expanded their wealth & power. • Europe established sea trade with India. • The slave trade expanded.

16. FOLLOW DIRECTIONS!!!! Do not just copy the map from the book – go step-by-step

17. Friday, February 1, 2013 SIT QUIETLY until class starts 15.3 officially due Monday Grade sheets may be passed out at the end of the period SEVERAL PEOPLE have tests to take in the library – look at your Test grades Chapter 14 quiz is graded but you are not getting it back until absentees have taken it Take out your notes you have taken this week & read them over CHAPTER 15 QUIZ on TUESDAY!!! By the time you have read all 7 your notebook should be out! 

18. keep it or flip it? Recognizing patterns:sequences and cause/effect Many European countries trade in the East through special companies. The Portuguese trade empire in the East broke up. Prince Henry wanted to use contact with other people to oppose the power of the Muslims along trade routes. Venetian merchants charge high prices for eastern goods. {So} Europeans merchants wanted to find new trade routes to the east {to avoid those high prices} Prince Henry supports exploration. Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut, India. Vasco da Gama sets sail to India. Portuguese destroy Arab hold on trade in the Indian Ocean. • Portuguese control spice trade.

19. 15.3 China, Japan, & Foreign Trade • monopoly • Tokagawa Shoguns • Japanese Christians • “Dutch trade with Japan” • Hong Wu • fleet • Zheng He • Macao, China • Manchus/Qing Dynasty

21. Monday, February 4, 2013 • 15.3 FIB turn in today! Any unfinished FIBs need to be turned in with tomorrow's quiz • SEVERAL PEOPLE have still have tests to take in the library • Open text book to chapter 15 (p.350) and open notebook to a new page: • 15.3 China and Japan’s Reaction to Europeans • CHAPTER 15 QUIZ on TUESDAY, tomorrow!!!

24. Chapter 15 “Part C” Help • Option b.: China and Japan responded in similar ways to European influence. When the Europeans first arrived in China… Then, under the new Qing dynasty, things changed. The Chinese reacted by… In Japan, European traders first arrived in 1571. At first… Soon, the Tokugawa Shogunate changed the way they handled the Europeans. They reacted by… In the end, both countries _______ in reaction to the arrival of the Europeans. [stay with the sequence – explain the actions & reactions – make a judgment at the end] • Option a.: The Portuguese greatly influences exploration and trade in the 1400s. It all began when ___ decided he wanted to find a sea route to ____. In 1419 he… {go on to describe the various explorers from PORTUGAL in the 1400s – included how far they got & when – KEEP THE SEQUENCE!} Once the Portuguese arrived in ____ this opened the door to sea trade with Asia which impacted exploration and trade for many year to come. [do not go into the 1500s; use Portuguese explorers only, included dates to PROVE you are staying in the correct time period]

25. Chapter 15 “Part C” Help • Option b.: China and Japan responded in similar ways to European influence. When the Europeans first arrived in China… Then, under the new Qing dynasty, things changed. The Chinese reacted by… In Japan, European traders first arrived in 1571. At first… Soon, the Tokugawa Shogunate changed the way they handled the Europeans. They reacted by… In the end, both countries _______ in reaction to the arrival of the Europeans. [stay with the sequence – explain the actions & reactions – make a judgment at the end] • Option a.: The Portuguese greatly influences exploration and trade in the 1400s. It all began when ___ decided he wanted to find a sea route to ____. In 1419 he… {go on to describe the various explorers from PORTUGAL in the 1400s – included how far they got & when – KEEP THE SEQUENCE!} Once the Portuguese arrived in ____ this opened the door to sea trade with Asia which impacted exploration and trade for many year to come. [do not go into the 1500s; use Portuguese explorers only, included dates to PROVE you are staying in the correct time period]