Unit 6

1. Unit 6 Cyberdating

2. Contents: Part I: More information about the Text Part II: More skills about Practical Writing Part III: Practice makes perfect--- Practical training

3. Part I More information about the Text 1) Cyberdating \ Dating on-line 2) Dating in China

4. Cyberdating / Dating on-line (I) • Have you ever watched the blind dates show, and wondered what those guys are thinking when they say and do really dumb stuff? Like on blind date, online dating relies heavily on the first impression. • Internet becomes a "matchmaker" for people.

5. Cyberdating (II) • So many of us work too hard, or spend so much time with our families that we don't have time to get out and meet people. While the most optimistic among us expect prince charming or princess charming to knock on our front door between our favorite TV shows, or online chats, most of us realize that this won't happen. As more people are getting online, more are turning to cyberdating services or cyberdating chats.

6. Cyberdating (III) • Cyberdating is a little different from the other first dates, though. When you first meet a cyberdate in person, offline, you feel as though you know them - the normal first date precautions are often tossed to the wind. You know their favorite actors, authors and foods. You know everything they have told you, but they may not have been telling you the truth. You do not really know them. So treat them as strangers, use all the normal precautions you use with strangers, even cute ones. You should not give any more information to a first cyberdate than you would to a stranger you meet on a plane, or in a club, or in a bar.

7. Cyberdating (IV) • Women tend to lie about their weight or age, while men tend to lie about their income, level of baldness and athletic condition. Teenagers pretend to be older than they are. The one rule you can count on is that everyone lies a little. So, keep an open mind.

8. Cyberdating (V) • That photo they sent you may be five years old, heavily doctored up with a graphics program, from when they used to be thin or when they had hair, or of someone else altogether. The best thing about the Internet is also the most dangerous - a person's personality can show through, what you are inside gets a chance to shine without getting overpowered by what you are outside. But, the cues we use in life; body language, dress, personal hygiene, tone of voice...the way we judge the truth of statements...are lost in cyberspace. • Take your time, use your head and be careful!

9. Datingin China (I) • For much of Chinese history, marriages between young men and women were decided by the will of their parents and the words of a matchmaker. Young couples often had not even met before they got married.

10. Dating in China (II) • Some become lovers on their own, but some were introduced to each other by relatives and friends due to various reasons, such as limited social circles, or being too timid and shy.

11. Dating in China (III) • Young people welcome the new method of making friends. It's time to think more about how to help young people enjoy themselves on the Internet. • Currently, "Net-love" is no longer a strange word to many young Chinese, and on-line recreational activities have sprung up.

12. Part II More skills about Practical Writing 1) Business letter styles 2) Addressing envelopes 3) Writing rules 4) Remarks

13. Business letters styles • The Block Style ( No. 2) • （齐列式） • The Indented Style (No. 3) • （缩行式） • The Modified Block Style (No.1) • （混合式）

14. Business letter (I) • The Block Style • 除信笺上部已印好的信头外，凡用打字机打出的部分均自信笺的左线边缘向右打出，各行左缘起始处完全排齐，因而称为齐列式，采取这种格式既便于打字，又整齐美观，是现今最通用、最流行的英文书信格式。

15. The Indented Style 用缩行式排列的信函，其主要 特点是：日期排在信笺的右上方；封内地址，按昔日习惯， 下一行要比上一行往右缩进 2~3个字母，但现代书信也常 按齐列式沿左线边缘排齐；信 的正文，每段开头大约向后缩 进3~5个字母，一般与称呼行Dear后称呼排齐。 The Modified Block Style 混合式兼有齐列式和缩行式的特点，大部分项目按齐列式格式排列，但日期和结束礼词的排列同于缩行式，即日期可置于信笺右上方，结束礼词放在正文下的右边或居中，事由行多与左线边缘排齐，但也可居中。 Business letter (II)

16. Business letter (III)Parts of the business letter: • (1) Heading (Company name and logo, Address, Telephone number(s), Fax/Telex numbers) 信头（机构名称和标记，地址，电话号码，传真/电传号码） • (2) Date 日期 • (3) Addressee's name and address • 收信人的姓名和地址 • (4) Caption or reference number, underlined 信件提要或编号（要加底线） • (5) Salutation 信件开头的称呼 • <如 Dear Sir> • (6) Letter contents \ body 信文 • (7) Complimentary closure 结尾敬辞 • <如 Yours sincerely> • (8) Writer‘s signature 写信人的签名 • (9) Writer's name 写信人的姓名 • (10) Writer's job title 写信人的职务头衔 • (11) Other information 其他 • <如写信人所属部门或职责范围> • (12) Miscellaneous abbreviations 各种缩写 • <如 cc(抄送)；Encl.(附件)等>

17. Necessary parts: • (1) Heading (Company name and logo, Address, Telephone number(s), Fax/Telex numbers) 信头（机构名称和标记，地址，电话号码，传真/电传号码） • (2) Date 日期 • (3) Addressee's name and address • 收信人的姓名和地址 • (4) Caption or reference number, underlined 信件提要或编号（要加底线） • (5) Salutation 信件开头的称呼 • <如 Dear Sir> • (6) Letter contents \ body 信文 • (7) Complimentary closure 结尾敬辞 • <如 Yours sincerely> • (8) Writer‘s signature 写信人的签名 • (9) Writer's name 写信人的姓名 • (10) Writer's job title 写信人的职务头衔

18. 1) Letterhead • Letterhead designs vary with business organizations and occupy the top of the first page.They may be positioned at the center or at the left margin the top of the page.A business letterhead, usually printed, contains all or some of the following elements:The company’s name , address, postcode, telephone number, telex number, fax number, the name of the officer or the director and even some picture or slogan for a symbol of the company. • 外贸商号的信笺，一般都印有信头，包括发信人的姓名、地址、电话号码、传真号、及E-mail等，有些会将经营项目 ，注册商标和公司董事、经理等姓名一并印在信头上。如需打印，则信头位于信笺上中央或右上方。

19. 2) Reference and Date • 参考号：为便于存档与查阅，可以为信编写参考号，为避免混淆，最好标明Your ref: Our ref: 打印日期注意事项：A. 年份应完全写出，不能用(99)代替(1999)B. 月份要写英文名称，不能用数字来代替，但可以用缩写。C. 日期最好用基数字。

20. 3) Inside Address • The inside address is typed directly below the date line at the left hand margin.The inside address of a letter to an individual consists of the person’s courtesy title, name, business or executive title ( it should be used immediately after the name) and address.When the letter is to a group, the inside address includes the full group name and the address.Care should be taken to address the recipient exactly as on the envelope.

21. 4) Salutation • Considered a polite greeting with which a friendly business letter begins, the personal salutation must be appropriate for the first line of the inside address.If the letter is addressed to an individual, It is usual to use: Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Ms. John, Dear Prof. Hobart, Dear Dr. Walter,The trend is towards Ms. As the courtesy title for all women regardless of their marital status.When addressing a letter to a firm, Dear Sirs, Ladies and gentlemen or Gentlemen (American English ) would be used. • 目前外贸书信中一般通用的称呼语有：Dear sir , Dear Madam, Dear sirs, Dear Mesdames, Gentlemen(不能用单数), Dear Mr.xxx称呼后面的的标点，一般使用逗号或分号，美加来信中Gentlemen后用冒号：

22. 5) Body • Ordinarily the body contains more than one paragraph. Avoid both extremely short and very long paragraphs. You can use either indented paragraphs (in which the first line is indented more than the rest) or block paragraphs (in which all lines begin at the left margin). • 书信的主体表达发信人的意见。在信的开头有开头语(Opening Sentences),自成一节，在习惯上是用客套语先将收到对方的来信的日期、编号或查号、主题及简单内容加以综合叙述，使对方一目了然这封信是答复哪一封去信的。如果是第一次通信也可以利用开头语作必要的自我介绍。

23. 6) Complimentary close The complimentary close is simply a polite way to end a letter.The expression for the complimentary close should match the salutation.It appears in the middle of the page and two lines below the closing sentence for indented layout.While it starts at the left-hand margin for fully blocked letters.Only the initial letter in the first word of any complimentary close is capitalized. • 结束语是一种客套用语它应与前面的称呼相呼应，后面加逗号。如： Dear Sir(s), Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, • Gentlemen: Truly yours, or Yours trully, • Dear Mrxx, Yours sincerely , or Sincerely yours,

24. 7) Signature • When you find something forgotten to be included in the letter body before the envelope is to be sealed up.You may state it after the signature in a postscript with a simple signature again.结束语的下面，应将行号的名称用大写打出，必须由负责人签名，签名的下面为使对方了解签名人的姓名、职位，可以打字注明。

25. Business letter (IV)Unnecessary parts: • 1) Reference Line2) Attention Line3) carbon copy(c.c)4) Subject Line5) Postscript Line6) Enclosure

26. 1) Attention Line • An attention line is considered a part of the inside address and it leads the letter to a particular person or department when the letter is addressed to a company.It is usually between the inside address and the salutation or above the inside address ,as shown in examples:Attention: Import Dept.For the attention of Mr. Donnan, Sales managerAttention of Mr. Standard, General Manager. • 如需注明对方经办人，希望收信商号将信迅速交经办人办理，可以在封内地址下面加Attention 或Attention of例1 Richard Thomas & Baldwins Ltd., 151 Gower Street London,SC7 6DY,EnglandAttention Mr.Cave or Attention of Purchasing Manager

27. 2) Carbon Copy • 如果函件要抄送其他有关单位，同时使对方也知道已抄送其他单位，可在信件最后的左下角注明“CC to xxx” or “CC xxx”

28. 3) Postscript • When you find something forgotten to be included in the letter body before the envelope is to be sealed up.You may state it after the signature in a postscript with a simple signature again.The adding of a P.S. should, however, be avoided as far as possible.For examples: PS: the catalogue was sent to you on July 7th. • 信写完后，如果想起还有要紧的要说，可以在信末加P.S. 引出补叙的话，然后由发信人签署本人简笔签名(本人姓名的第一个字母)。

29. 4) Enclosure • Enc. Or Encs. Is typed two lines spaces after the signature of the address when something is sent along with the letter.An enclosure can be anything in the envelope in addition to the message itself.Examples are as follows: Enc.: 1 Price ListIf the enclosed are more than on, the number should be marked. • 如信中有附件时，应在签名下注明Encl.或Enc.如附件不止一件应注明2 Encls or 3 Encls,或详细列明如下： Encls: 2 Invoices • Enc: 1 B/L 1 Photo 1 Certificate

30. Business Letter (IV)Writing Rules: • Business correspondence is still a basic activity involved in trade, and remain a very important form of communication even nowadays.They deliver their companies’ images to the public.Business letters are often an arrangement or regarded as evidence of a contract.They are written for information exchange and bridge over the desires between buyers and sellers.The most effective letter should be easy to read and easy to understand. They must be friendly and courteous.We should bear in mind the point that business letters play an important role in the development of goodwill and friendly trade relationships.Generally speaking: consideration, completeness, correctness, concreteness, conciseness, clarity and courtesy.

31. Business letter (V)Addressing Envelopes: • 1、寄信人姓名、地址写在信封的左上角，商贸机构所用的信封，通常已在左上角印好寄信人地址； • 2、收信人姓名地址写在信封中央偏下位置，现在的流行写法，除缩略语外，已不用标点符号； • 3、邮票贴在信封右上角，现国外来函大多已在右上角印妥邮资； • 4、寄信人和收信人姓名、地址现多用齐列式，也可用缩行式。其排列顺序与汉语相反，先写姓名，后写地址，写地址应由小至大，即先写机构名称，依次写门牌、街道城市名、州（省）名及邮区代号，最后写国名； • 5、关于信件类别，投递方式及其他事项说明，写在信封左边寄信人地址下，或写在左下角。如怀疑信件能否送交收件人，可在信封最下缘标明“IF UNDELIVERED PLEASE RETURN TO…”, 意为“无法投递，请退交……”

32. Addressing Envelopes (I)Blocked Form of Address: • Roman International Inc.2203 BroadwayNew York, N.Y. 100101U.S.A.   • Mr. John Smith Astin Asia Ltd. 1000 King's Road Hong Kong

33. Addressing Envelopes (II)Indented Form of Address:

34. Business letter (VI)Remarks: 1.Private 私人信2.Confidential　机密信 　 • 3.Registered 挂号邮件4.Express　　　　　快递邮件5.Ordinary Mail　　　平信6.Immediate(Urgent)　急件7.Printed Matter　　　　印刷品8.Sample　　　　　　　样品

35. Part III Practice makes perfect Sharpen your mouth Sharpen your brain

36. Practice makes perfect (I)sharpen your mouth (I) • In Western business culture, making an appointment is commonplace for most business dealings. Most company personnel are on a tight schedule, and it saves your time  and theirs by planning ahead and scheduling appointments. • Now make an appointment with your client. • The followings are some samples about making appointments. • Discuss with your partner and then make up some dialogues using the way of making appointments.

37. sharpen your mouth (II)Accept the following tips : • 1. Are you interested in going dancing tonight? 2. Would you like to go shopping with me this weekend? 3. How about going to see a movie with me tonight? 4. I'm inviting you to my birthday party. 5. Hey, do you want to check out a band this Saturday night?6. I'm thinking about going to KTV with my coworkers tonight. Would you like to come together? • 7. Are you free tomorrow night? I'm wondering if you're free for dinner. 8. Are you up for a barbecue this weekend? 9. Do you have any special plans for the weekend? Maybe we can go hiking. How does that sound? 10. Why don't we get some tea?

38. Samples (I) ※ Do you have some time tomorrow? Yes, I do. How about having lunch with me? Good idea. ※ I‘m calling to see if you would like to have lunch tomorrow. I’m sorry, but this week isn‘t very convenient for me. Perhaps we can make it later. That would be better. ※ I‘m calling to confirm our luncheon appointment. It’s tomorrow at twelve o‘clock, right? I‘ll be there.

39. Samples (II) ※ I'm sorry, but I have to cancel out luncheon appointment. I’m sorry to hear that. I have pressing business to attend to. No problem. we’ll make it later in the month. ※ I need to change the time we meet for lunch. What time would be good for you? I'll be about half an hour late. Good, I'll see you there at 12:30.

40. Samples (III) ※ I‘ll get the check. No, let me pay this time. • No, I insist. • Well, thank you very much. ※ This lunch is on me today, I think you got it last time. It's my pleasure. That's very nice of you. ※ I really enjoyed the lunch. Yes, let's do it again real soon. I'll be back in town next month. Good, I'll invite you out when you're here.

41. As a secretary, you are telephoning the client. ※ Hello. May I speak to Mr. Brown? Yes, this is he speaking. ※Who's speaking, please? ※I'm sorry, he is not in now. Would you like to leave a message? ※Mr. Brown is on another line now. ※Hold the line a moment, please. ※I can't hear you. Would you speak a little louder? ※You are wanted on phone. ※ Will you ask him to call me back later?

42. Telephoning: • I was cut off. Will you connect me again?We'll call you back in a few minutes. Will you hang up and wait, please?I want to place an overseas call to New York.Sorry, I can't wait. Please cancel the call.This is the Singapore operator. Would you connect me with Mr. Lee in the International Department?This is the overseas operator in the United States. You have an overseas collect call from Mr. Smith in San Francisco. Will you accept the charges?

43. Practice makes perfect (II)sharpen your brain • Are you in block \indented or modified block style ? • Choose any style to write to Mr. Brown, representative of a big company in New York, inviting him to take part in a fashion show held in Guanzhou in July 10, 2006.