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Some Aspects of 3D… in Depth!

 PLEASE VIEW IN SLIDE SHOW MODE TO ACTIVATE AUDIO . Some Aspects of 3D… in Depth!. Single-Source Stereo and Microstereoscopic 3D Mark Schubin, SchubinCafe.com. 3D Challenges Pre-Viewer. 2X equipment & signals + Additional personnel convergence per pair stereographer

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Some Aspects of 3D… in Depth!

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  1.  PLEASE VIEW IN SLIDE SHOW MODE TO ACTIVATE AUDIO  Some Aspects of 3D… in Depth! Single-Source Stereo and Microstereoscopic 3D Mark Schubin, SchubinCafe.com Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  2. 3D Challenges Pre-Viewer • 2X equipment & signals + • Additional personnel • convergence per pair • stereographer • Additional processing • correct, match, format • Graphics z-axis depth • Distribution resolution • Monitoring challenges Pace rig NEP SS-3D (6 of 16 seats) Sony brochures Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  3. 3D Viewer Challenges • Limited 3DTV penetration • need for separate coverage? • Glasses • cost, batteries, maintenance • Compatibility w/2D viewing • need for 2D glasses? • Perceptual conflicts • stereovisual-vestibular • distance-based Pace- Fujinon Shadow Sony 3DTV at CES 2009 3 “simulator sickness” Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  4. Motion what just happened? Sound what’s she saying? Color red dress? army green? HD earring or blood? 3D depth information? or just depth sensation? What Is 3D? Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  5. Theory of Two-Lens Stereoscopy screen 3D = height, width, depth acquisition presentation Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  6. Other3StereoDimensions pupillary distance 40-80 mm (down to 5-year-olds) screen size ~ 3 cm to 30 m viewing distance vast range of vergence-based distance for same 3D master Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  7. Infinite Distance* • Normal: parallel views • Reduced: converging views • Expanded: diverging views not normal! *in visual terms, “infinite distance” starts at as little as 6 m Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  8. IBC 2010 Best Paper Award “Does Size Matter?” NDS authors http://www.nds.com/pdfs/3DTV-DoesSizeMatter_IBC2010Award.pdf Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  9. Vergence-Accommodation Conflict from Prof. Martin Banks, Visual Space Perception Lab University of California – Berkeley 3.2 meters (10.5 feet) ok to+∞ Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  10. Countering V-A Conflict In-Three “3D in the Home” http://www.in-three.com/3DintheHomev2.html Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  11. Miniaturization 2D left-eye view right-eye view Image position relatively easy to change; image content much harder to change Elan Valley Miniature (tilt-shift technique based on blur) http://www.flickr.com/photos/frosted_peppercorn/481102393/ Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  12. Ghosting (Crosstalk) • Glasses • Display • Synchronization • Viewing Angle • Orientation • Inability to fuse shot through active-shutter glasses for Gizmodo 3DTV review http://gizmodo.com/5501900/the-best-3dtv-samsung-un55c7000-vs-panasonic-tc+p50vt20 Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  13. Spatial Resolution photos by Peter Fasciano Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  14. Anaglyph Challenges • Inexpensive glasses • Any TV • Any color TV distribution • Full resolution But • Strong ghosting • Poor color rendition • Eye rivalry • Light loss • Display adjustment TrioScopics ColorCode 3-D Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  15. Why Not Anaglyph? even inexpensive glasses pass & reject as desired but displays don’t match Ghosting in Anaglyphic Stereoscopic Images Andrew J. Woods & Tegan Rourke Centre for Marine Science & Technology, Curtin University of Technology http://cmst.curtin.edu.au/local/docs/pubs/2004-08.pdf Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  16. Cue Significance S. Nagata, 1991 J. Cutting & P. Vishton, 1995 Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  17. The Elusive Grail Can there be a 3D system with • no ghosting • no V-A conflict or shrinking • 2D-viewer compatibility • no extra personnel • one lens & camera/position • one signal path/recording • full resolution • inexpensive glasses • for all TVs & distribution? Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  18. Alternatives to Twin-Lens 3D • Less Than Fully Stereoscopic • e.g., choromostereoscopic, Pulfrich • 2D-to-3D Conversion • frame-by-frame, auto+assist, live • Virtual 3D Cameras • second VC per position • Single-Lens Stereoscopic • Sony TDG, ISee3D, etc. BBC R&D White Paper 180 ISee3D shuttering Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  19. Chromostereopsis • Eye lens focuses one color • red seems in front of blue • Real-world often matches • front: people, animals back: green trees, blue skies • easy animation • ChromaDepth glasses • prism-based color shift portion of Apparatus to Talk to Aliens, Akiyoshi Kitaoka, Ritsumeikan U. Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  20. Pulfrich Illusion • One eye darkened • dark eye sees what was • clear eye sees what is • Choreography crucial • carousel ideal • Rolling Stones Steel Wheels tour – good Super Bowl half-time – bad Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  21. View Shifting • “Wiggle-Vision” • 3D for the one-eyed • Constant motion • if not subtle, annoying • if subtle, near invisible • V3 iris-shifting lens adaptor • widely used, very subtle • see for yourself: http://www.inv3.com/examples_section.html Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  22. LessThanFullStereoscopy in Use enhanced chromostereopsis (ChromaDepth) – VH1 Pulfrich - Discovery micro- stereopsis – Nine TV Sydney (TrioScopics shown) view- shift – CBS New York Times, April 22, 1980 Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  23. Virtual-Camera S3D Imec above, BBC Research White Paper 180 similar Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  24. Origins of Stereoscopy • 1833 Wheatstone • adjustable distance • 1849 Brewster • lenticular (lensed) • 1851 Holmes • adjustable prismatic lenticular Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  25. The Other Stereo “Binauricular Auduition” compared to stereoscope A-B Stereo (Spaced Omnis) distance >>human head width • BIG sensation difference • Unnatural • Poor mono compatibility remember “ping-pong” stereo? Scientific American, December 31, 1881 Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  26. “Single-Source” Stereo consumer, too X-Y, M-S, Dummy Head “coincident stereo” techniques Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  27. Narrow-Separation Listening EmbracingSound speaker system Philips HTS7140 3D Blu-ray home theatre with surround-sound bar common professional Wohler stereo monitoring Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  28. Visual Stereoacuity 10 arcsecond stereoacuity ~ 1/6 of a pixel at “optimum” (6/6, 20/20) viewing angle “Stereoacuity at Distance and Near,” Wong, Woods, & Peli http://www.eri.harvard.edu/faculty/peli/posters/optometry/AAO2000_poster.pdf Binocular Vision and Stereopsis, Howard & Rogers, 1996 Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  29. Limited Stereopsis Panasonic VW-CLT1 3D conversion lens (outer width 58 mm) reference: Canon XJ22x7.3 compact studio lens 165 mm wide box lens adaptor Canon 3D lens, shown on XL1 DXG-321 much narrower than pupillary distance Hammacher- Schlemmer Sharp 3D module Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  30. 3ality Demo at 2010 DCS photo by Mark Forman http://screeningroom.com/ Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  31. Microstereopsis • Term coined by Mel Siegel, Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, and co-authors of papers “Kinder Gentler Stereo,” and “Just Enough Reality: Comfortable 3D Viewing via Microstereopsis” (Proc. SPIE, 1999) • Intended as a solution to “simulator sickness” • Concept much older (as will be seen) • Not likely to be confused with microstereoscopy, term used for 3D microscopy Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  32. Microstereopsis 1979: D.O.T.S. NL (Beiser US; 1970: Songer) Nine TV Sydney Sony Technology Development Group CES 2009 no-glasses 2D-compatible (no double images) • in focus: normal • too close: LG, RM • too far: LM, RG • one camera ISee3D alternate-shuttered version Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  33. Microstereopsis • Successfully broadcast • Patents have expired • One ordinary lens/position* • Single-camera/position* • 3D display ok for 2D viewing • Ghosting not an issue • V-A conflict not an issue * depends somewhat on system Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  34. Microstereopsis • Successfully broadcast • Patents have expired • One ordinary lens/position* • Single-camera/position* • 3D display ok for 2D viewing • Ghosting not an issue • V-A conflict not an issue * depends somewhat on system Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  35. Microstereopsis ? • Successfully broadcast • Patents have expired • One ordinary lens/position* • Single-camera/position* • 3D display ok for 2D viewing • Ghosting not an issue • V-A conflict not an issue * depends somewhat on system Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

  36. More at SchubinCafe.com Thanks to All-Mobile Video for 3D production and transmission facilities Mark Schubin, 3D Stereo MEDIA, Liege, 2010 December 9

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