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IMPROVING YOUR ANALYSES

IMPROVING YOUR ANALYSES. Developing the P>E>E idea. Ever read a text and thought, ‘Hmm – there’s something significant here, but I just don’t know how to explain it… ?’ Well… you’re about to find a way!

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IMPROVING YOUR ANALYSES

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  1. IMPROVINGYOURANALYSES

  2. Developing the P>E>E idea • Ever read a text and thought, ‘Hmm – there’s something significant here, but I just don’t know how to explain it…?’ • Well… you’re about to find a way! • We’re going to have a go at ‘deconstructing’ a bit of a Guardian article by Kate Raworth.

  3. The Opening Lines... “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?...”

  4. What Stands Out? “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?...” The writer creates strong opening effects by using verbs that ‘command’ the reader to do something: 'Step into a changing room... tryon…' This helps the reader to visualise being in the changing room, trying on 'that latest shirt'. The writer uses the word 'latest' before 'shirt'; maybe this implies that the reader, who is being addressed, is / should be fashion conscious? The writer informs us that the clothing 'suits [our] aesthetics' - suggesting that the reader is concerned about his or her appearance. The writer then asks the reader a question: 'But does it fit your ethics?' This forces us to consider our viewpoint where fashion and ethics are concerned. We also sense that there's something important about the fact that 'aesthetics' and 'ethics' rhyme. Our attention is drawn to those two words because of this rhyming.

  5. Whacking in the Terminology “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?...” So, our first point might be… The writer commands the reader to do something in the opening line: 'Step into a changing room...' The reader is forced to visualise being in said changing room, trying on 'that latest shirt'. So, if we put all the parts together, we're left with this:Raworth begins the article with an imperative sentence: 'Step into a changing room...' This encourages the reader to visualise being in said changing room, and suggests that Raworth's article is going to have a somewhat authoritative tone. Sounds okay, doesn’t it? It would sound better if it was developed further. Exam boards recommend that students are shown how to squeeze a lot from a little, so - rather than just sticking with a simplepoint and gain a “C”, why not extend your analysis by referring to the opening's other significant features… and gain an “A”! First, we make a Point (and this is where we drop in the linguistic terminology): Raworth begins the article with an imperative sentence:We back it up with some Evidence: 'Step into a changing room...'Then we Explore/Explain the significance: This encourages the reader to visualise being in said changing room, and suggests that Raworth's article is going to have a somewhat authoritative tone.

  6. “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?...” The writer uses the word 'latest' before 'shirt'; maybe this implies that the reader is fashion conscious? The writer informs us that the clothing 'suits [our] aesthetics' - suggesting that the reader is concerned about his or her appearance. Raworth begins the article with an imperative sentence: 'Step into a changing room...' This encourages the reader to visualise being in said changing room, and suggests that Raworth's article is going to have a somewhat authoritative tone. Raworth makes the assumption that the reader is fashion-conscious through the use of the attributive adjective 'latest' to describe the shirt the reader is trying on. She goes on to inform the reader, in a simple declarative sentence, that the shirt 'suits your aesthetics'. By addressing the audience directly using the possessive determiner 'your', and by making the assumption that the reader is concerned about their appearance (or 'aesthetics'), Raworth reinforces the article's authoritativeness. Our analysis is now starting to sound (a) insightful, (b) linguistic and (c) complicated. However, while it might sound complex, it's actually making some very obvious points. It just happens to be making them using linguistic terminology.Let's continue in the same vein:

  7. “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?...” The writer than asks us a question: 'But does it fit your ethics?' This forces us to consider our own viewpoint where fashion and ethics are concerned. We also sense that there's something important about the fact that 'aesthetics' and 'ethics' rhyme. Our attention is drawn to those two words because of this rhyming. ...By addressing the audience directly using the possessive determiner 'your', and by making the assumption that the reader is concerned about their appearance (or 'aesthetics'), Raworth reinforces the article's sense of authority.By following her assertion that the shirt 'suits' us with the interrogative, 'But does it fit your ethics?', Raworthwants to force the reader to consider the relationship between fashion and ethics. The positioning of the phonologically similar abstract nouns 'aesthetics' and 'ethics' draws the reader's attention to an implied conflict between the two concepts. The reader may even be being encouraged to view 'aesthetics' as the antonym of 'ethics'. Unsurprisingly, Raworth's article goes on to focus on this incompatibility.

  8. Here we have ... “Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. It suits your aesthetics. But does it fit your ethics?..>” Raworth begins the article with an imperative sentence: 'Step into a changing room...' This encourages the reader to visualise being in said changing room, and suggests that Raworth's article is going to have a somewhat authoritative tone. Raworth makes the assumption that the reader is fashion-conscious through the use of the attributive adjective 'latest' to describe the shirt the reader is trying on. She goes on to inform the reader, in a simple declarative sentence, that the shirt 'suits your aesthetics'. By addressing the audience directly using the possessive determiner 'your', and by making the assumption that the reader is concerned about their appearance (or 'aesthetics'), Raworth reinforces the article's authoritativeness.By following her assertion that the shirt 'suits' us with the interrogative, 'But does it fit your ethics?', Raworth forces the reader to consider the relationship between fashion and ethics. The positioning of the phonologically similar abstract nouns 'aesthetics' and 'ethics' draws the reader's attention to an implied conflict between the two concepts. The reader may even be being encouraged to view 'aesthetics' as the antonym of 'ethics'. Unsurprisingly, Raworth's article goes on to focus on this incompatibility. 192 WORDS ANALYSING 3 SENTENCES

  9. The Point Being... • It’s always a smart move to say a LOT about a LITTLE. • Focusing indetail on the most significant effects and features of a text is more worthwhile than trying to show the examiner that you know all about it. • Using P>E>E will ensure that your writing is argumentative, stays focusedand supports your view.

  10. Extension Tasks • Read Raworth’s article by clicking on this link. • Analyse the following extracts by answering these questions…

  11. Extract 1 ‘Step into a changing room and try on that latest shirt. [1] It suits your aesthetics [2].’ • How would you label this sentence – both in terms of type and function?

  12. Extract 2 ‘The technology is simple, but most retailers would rather focus your attention on the washing instructions. [3]’ • How would you label / describe the secondclause in this compoundsentence?

  13. Extract 3 ‘Retailers claim to be stamping out so-called sweatshops but many are actually turning up the heat. [4]’ • Label the type and function of this sentence.

  14. Extract 4 ‘But if we customers do care [5]’ • What kind of clause is this?  

  15. Extract 5 ‘Many of Britain's biggest retail names have joined the Ethical Trading Initiative, which brings together companies, trade unions and NGOs. [6]’ • What kind of clause is the second in this sentence?

  16. Extract 6 ‘In the absence of an ethical scorecard [7]’ • Label this phrase.

  17. Extract 7 ‘That is no solution[8]’ • Label the type and function of this sentence.

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